
INF DERMA R-DAY

Quiz
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Science
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Professional Development
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Hard
魏章庭 魏章庭
Used 2+ times
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20 questions
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1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
下列呼吸道傳染性疾病,哪一種疾病是潛伏期(incubation period)比潛藏期(latent period)來得短?
嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎(Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19)
季節性流感(seasonal influenza)
急性嚴重呼吸症候群(severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS)
麻疹(Measles)
2.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
55歲女性,因高燒39.5°C及右上腹痛至急診,病人意識嗜睡,心跳95 次/min、血壓98/56 mmHg,皮膚鞏膜發黃,白血球計數16,000 /μL,初步臆斷為急性膽管炎。下列敘述何者較適當?
根據2016年Sepsis-3 guideline,以高燒≧39°C及收縮壓≦100 mmHg來計算qSOFA 得2分,懷疑病人感染已合併敗血症
開始治療的前3小時內,靜脈給予至少30 mL/kg的晶體輸液(crystalloid)
當需要使用昇壓劑時,正腎上腺素(Norepinephrine)是首選,它只有α-adrenergic effect造成周邊血管收縮,但比較不容易影響心跳速率
當大量輸液及給予昇壓劑時,若血壓仍偏低,應儘快注射皮質類固醇
3.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
關於壞死性軟組織感染(necrotizing soft tissue infection)的診斷,下列敘述何者較適當?
由於深部組織嚴重潰爛發炎,病人出現不成比例的劇烈疼痛是診斷的必要條件
由於深部筋膜感染引起皮膚血管壞死栓塞(thrombosis),因此病人患部的皮膚在早期會出現出血性水皰
如果顯影劑注射的磁振造影檢查(MRI with contrast)影像顯示患部肌肉間筋膜沒有異常,則可排除此診斷
病人一定有免疫功能低下的共病症如老年、糖尿病、肝硬化,或接受化學治療或免疫抑制劑,因而感染病程往往惡化迅速
4.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
28歲愛滋病人,半年未規則追蹤服藥,因發燒、呼吸急促被送來急診。到達急診時意識清楚,血壓107/73 mmHg,呼吸32次/min,心跳120次/min,SpO2 85%,CXR有pulmonary consolidation,下列敘述何者較不適當?
應考慮是肺結核,可將病人先行置於隔離室
針對最常見的致病菌可給予β-lactam antibiotics加上Macrolides
檢測CD4 counts可幫助致病原推斷
最常見的致病菌為Pneumocystis jirovecii
5.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
漁工4天前被船板割傷,昨天開始張嘴困難,今日因臉部痙笑(risus sardonicus)腹部僵硬及肌肉痙攣前來就診,意識清楚,有關此疾病下列敘述何者較適當?
死亡率約4成,為革蘭氏陰性桿菌感染,可使用ceftriaxone治療
潛伏期可以短於一天也可以超過一個月,潛伏期越長的病人預後越差
考慮在施打免疫球蛋白前進行傷口清創,成人免疫球蛋白劑量為250 unit IM注射
照護時減少環境刺激,若呼吸衰竭時可使用succinylcholine協助插管
6.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
有關細菌性腦膜炎,下列敘述何者較適當?
未作完腰椎穿刺不應給予抗生素
若懷疑pneumococcal meningitis,建議給予Dexamethasone
腦脊髓液分析常見opening pressure高、白血球上升、高血糖
經驗性抗生素可使用Ceftriaxone和Levofloxacin
7.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
26歲的男子主訴發燒、排尿困難並帶有白色分泌物及右膝關節有紅斑性疼痛腫脹持續3天。經抽取右膝關節液顯示白血球數為68,000 /mm3,中性球92%。針對此病人之治療,何者較不適當?
首選藥物為Ceftriaxone,劑量為注射1 gm QD
若治療合併Chlamydia trachomatis的共病感染,可以使用Azithromycin,劑量為口服1 gm一次
替代藥物為Doxycycline,劑量為口服100 mg BID
關節液glucose及protein有助於此病臨床診斷
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