AP Statistics Unit 3 Vocabulary Quiz

The complete set group of individuals

Different conditions

assigned to experimental units.

The individuals

(which may be people or other objects of

study) that are assigned treatments.

A treatment with an inactive substance

A collection of experimental

units either not given a treatment of interest or

given a treatment with an inactive substance

The

division of a population into separate groups based on shared attributes or

characteristics (homogeneous grouping).

A simple random sample is

selected within each group, and the selected units are combined

to form the sample.

Involves the division of a

population into smaller groups.

Ideally, there is heterogeneity within each

group. Data are collected

from all observations in the selected group.

A sample in

which every group of a given size has an equal

chance of being chosen.

A non-probability sampling technique where the researcher selects units to be sampled based on their own existing knowledge.

A method in which sample members from a population are selected according to a random starting point and a fixed, periodic interval.

Dependent Variable symbol

Independent Variable symbol

A variable whose values are explained or predicted by the explanatory variable

A variable whose values are used to explain or

predict corresponding values for the response variable.

A variable that is related to the explanatory

variable and influences the response

variable and may create a false perception of

association between the two.

When you consider two or more things and discover the differences between them. 

Reducing potential confounding variables

where appropriate

More than one experimental unit in each treatment group

If every possible sample has equal probability of selection.

Neither the subjects nor the members of the research team who interact with them know which

treatment a subject is receiving.

Treatments are assigned completely at random within each block.

A special case of a randomized block design. Using a blocking variable, subjects (whether they are people or not) are arranged in pairs matched on relevant factors.

Subjects do not know which treatment they are receiving, but members of the research team do, or vice versa.

Treatments are assigned to experimental units

completely at random.