U3, Absolutism and Enlightenment

in the Middle Ages, view which held that the earth was an immovable object located at the center of the universe

• geocentric theory

• heliocentric theory

• deism

• scientific method

Enlightenment belief that God created the universe and then allowed it to run on its own following natural laws

• geocentric theory

• heliocentric theory

• deism

• scientific method

idea that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun

• geocentric theory

• heliocentric theory

• deism

• scientific method

logical procedure for gathering information and testing ideas

• geocentric theory

• heliocentric theory

• deism

• scientific method

Italian scientist who invented the first working telescope; his discoveries put him into conflict with the Roman Catholic Church

• Galileo Galilei

• Nicolas Copernicus

• Johannes Kepler

• Isaac Newton

English scientist who discovered laws of motion and gravity

• Galileo Galilei

• Nicolas Copernicus

• Johannes Kepler

• Isaac Newton

18th-century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society

• Renaissance

• Enlightenment

• Scientific Revolution

• Reformation

Polish astronomer who developed a heliocentric theory in the early 1500s

• Galileo Galilei

• Nicolas Copernicus

• Johannes Kepler

• Isaac Newton

English philosopher and founder of British empiricism; he developed political and economic theories during the Enlightenment. He declared that people have a right to rebel against governments that do not protect their rights

• Robert Boyle

• Edward Jenner

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government

• rationalism

• philosophe

• social contract

• consent of the governed