Midterm Review (2022)

Conversion of ADP to ATP requires _________.

• input of energy to add a phosphate

• release of energy to remove a phosphate

• fermentation

• photosynthesis

• cellular respiration

• decomposition

• fermentation

• photosynthesis

• cellular respiration

• decomposition

A nucleotide of DNA may contain adenine, thymine, guanine, or cytosine. What is each of these components?

• 5 carbon sugar

• nitrogenous base

• phosphate group

• nucleic acid

A dog sees a cat and starts to jump towards it. What best describes the actions of the nervous system of the dog in this example?

• a stimulus without a response, and involving no other body systems

• a response without a stimulus, and coordinated with the muscles

• a response to a stimulus that is coordinated with the muscles

• a thirst trap for dogs

The two main divisions of the nervous system are the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Which is a common pathway of nerve impulses thru the nervous system?

• CNS → sensory neurons of PNS → motor neurons of PNS

• sensory neurons of PNS → CNS → motor neurons of PNS

• motor neurons of PNS → CNS → sensory neurons of PNS

• CNS only

Which of the describe changes to matter and energy that occur during the process of photosynthesis?

• changes that convert chemical energy into heat and light

• chemical changes that convert carbohydrates into smaller molecules

• changes that convert light energy into chemical energy stored in carbohydrates

The energy in ATP is released when ____________.

• the chemical bonds are broken with third phosphate group

• chemical bonds between ribose sugar is broken

• a phosphate is added

• an oxygen molecule is released

Athletes have more __________ in their muscles to allow for greater energy production.

• mitochondria

• chloroplasts

• cell membranes

• lysosomes

Which is an example of mechanical digestion?

• physically grinding food in the stomach

• pushing food thru the esophagus

• using enzymes in small intestine to break down carbs & proteins

• small molecules being absorbed from digestive system