APUSH Chp 21 A Maturing Industrial Society

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the ideas of naval strategist Alfred T. Mahan?

• The U.S, like Great Britain and other imperialist states, should rule over large territories and foreign populations.

• The U.S should maintain a limited form of colonialism that is dependent on a strong navy, vigorous merchant marine, and strategic bases to protect its trade interest.

• The U.S. should use its navy to conquer Pacific and Caribbean territories as a prelude to establishment of permanent ground forces in those countries.

• A strong navy would reduce the need for a canal across Central America because the United States would have a sizable fleet in both the Atlantic and Pacific.

Theodore Roosevelt's strategic thinking about U.S foreign policy as shaped, in part, by his

• belief in America's responsibility to protect all rights to "self determination".

• admiration for Germany and antipathy toward Great Britain.

• assumption that a major war among the great powers of Europe was unthinkable.

• belief in the duty of the "civilized countries" of the world to police and subdue "backward" peoples

When he spoke of the United States carrying a "big stick," Theodore Roosevelt meant that the nation

• should make it clear to all foreign powers that whatever policies it might adopt; it intended to back those policies with deeds as well as words

• should, in world affairs, make its influence felt as forcefully as possible.

• was prepared to fight Japan for control of East Asia and the western Pacific.

• ought to have a powerful army capable, if necessary, of driving the British from Canada or of conquering Mexico and Central America.

For fifteen years after the Civil War, the U.S.

• increased the size of the navy.

• kept the navy the same size but replaced steamships with coal-powered ships.

• decreased the size of the navy.

• kept the navy the same size but replaced wooden ships with ironclad vessels.

Under the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, the U.S. would

• intervene in the internal affairs of a Caribbean nation only on invitation from the government in powers.

• intervene if a Caribbean nation is threatened by a European nation.

• act unilaterally to regulate the affairs of any Caribbean nation.

• look to Mexico, the most powerful Latin American nation, to police the Caribbean countries.

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the American role in the Panamanian uprising against Colombia?

• The United States orchestrated the revolution, using Panamanian troops to disguise its own role.

• Panamanian Nationalists won independence from Colombia with no American help, although the Roosevelt administration welcomed the rebellion

• The Americans saw their function as providing covert assistance for the expected uprising.

• The United States supplied the revolution with American troops

The most important reason for President Wilson refusal to recognize the Huerta government in Mexico in 1913 was that

• The U.S usually recognized new governments only after several years in order to see whether they would last.

• He was looking for an excuse to attack Huerta's Catholic regime.

• He though Huerta had usurped power by murdering his predecessor and that he was determined to force Huerta out.

• He was looking for an excuse to intervene in Mexico and seize Veracruz and Acapulco as permanent U.S. naval bases

President McKinley and the Republicans jumped at the chance to hold the Philippine Island because

• they saw them as the key to American influence in the Asian market.

• the victory would soothe an American public angry over an unpopular war.

• the move would quiet Democratic opponents, who had criticized the war effort as being unproductive

• control of the Philippines would guarantee the territorial integrity of China.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the state of American military preparedness in 1898?

• Because of McKinley's imperialistic ambitions, the U.S had for several months been planning to intervene in Cuba, the movement of troops was quite efficient.

• The army of 200,000 troops was well trained and ready for combat.

• volunteer cavalry units proved to be the most effective fighting forces.

• the navy was better prepared than were the ground troops.

The American victory at San Juan Hill in Cuba can be credited largely to

• the surrender of the Spanish troops after merely token resistance.

• four black U.S. regiments.

• Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders, whose cavalry charge overwhelmed the Sanish defenders.

• Cuban guerrilla fighters, who diverted the Spanish while the American attack was developing.