Natural Selection Quiz Review

In the Galápagos islands today, many species of finch can be found. Each population on each different island has different adaptations that help them survive. Who postulated that all of these varieties likely arose from a single common ancestor?

• Isaac Newton

• James Watson

• Rosalind Frank

• Charles Darwin

When organisms experience environmental pressures from predators, amount of food, amount of water, etc., what process will cause the population to change over time?

• Random mating

• Natural Selection

• A large population size

• Gene flow

In the Galápagos Islands, different birds have different beak sizes and therefore eat different foods. This is an example of

• adaptation

• extinction

• evolution

• gene flow

In the phrase "survival of the fittest" what does the word "fittest" mean?

• None of these represent the word "fittest" in the phrase "survival of the fittest"

• The smartest organism that can learn the easiest way to get food

• The best adapted organism that is able to reproduce successfully

• The strongest organism that can swim the fastest.

Cheetahs that can run fast and catch prey are able to survive and reproduce successfully. Slower cheetahs don't catch as much prey and they die before they are able to reproduce. This is an example of

• Natural selection

• Extinction

• Competition

• Symbiosis

When a large population shrinks and then grows again, the gene pool also shrinks. The organisms that come after this event will have less genetic variety. This form of genetic drift is called the

• founder effect

• bottleneck effect

• population transition effect

• gene flow effect

A group of individuals are stranded on a deserted island and never rescued. They begin a new civilization that lasts for thousands of years. This type of genetic drift is called the

• founder effect

• bottleneck effect

• population transition effect

• gene flow effect

Natural selection is one of the agents of genetic change in a population. Natural selection happens when there is already ​ (a)   within a population and environmental pressures cause organisms to either die before reproducing or live long enough to​ (b)   . The other agents of evolutionary change include a ​ (c)   population size, non-random mating, ​ (d)   , and ​ (e)   or movement.

• variation
• reproduce
• small
• mutations
• migration

Early cells on earth would have been

• extremely large

• eukaryotic

• prokaryotic

• photosynthetic

A change in the gene pool of a population can allow for future organisms to gain a helpful adaptation. This change is most likely to arise from

• a single mutation that is passed on to future generations.

• an organism willing itself to live.

• an organism learning how to use a tool.

• macroevolution.