3.3 & 3.4 - Spanish Colonization and Independence

Which of the following details shows the impact of resources on Mexico's history?

• Spanish conquistadors came to Mexico to find gold.

• Spanish conquistadors came to Mexico to find oil.

• Early Mexican civilizations traded crops for gold.

• Mexico’s climate made it difficult to build large farms.

What happened when Cortés and his soldiers first arrived in the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlán?

• The Spanish army became ill with smallpox.

• The Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomed them as guests at first.

• The Aztec army attacked Cortés and his soldiers.

• Cortés immediately killed the Aztec leader Moctezuma and burned the city.

In Spanish colonial society, the group in the highest position were the

• creoles.

• mestizos.

• peninsulares.

• mulattoes.

What happened to American Indians as a result of the Spanish conquest of the Americas?

• Those who converted to Christianity were given freedom.

• Many died from disease and mistreatment.

• Many migrated north to escape Spanish rule.

• They learned new ways to farm their land.

What was the main result of the encomienda system?

• The Aztec empire was defeated.

• Christianity spread throughout North America.

• Native people were forced to work for Spanish colonists.

• All land in Mexico was taken over by the Spanish crown.

Which of the following laid the groundwork for the revolt that led to Mexico's independence from Spain?

• the election of Juárez

• the expansion of trade

• the Mexican Cession

• the conquest of Spain by Napoleon Bonaparte

In the late 1900s, conflict broke out in Central American countries such as Guatemala and Nicaragua as people fought to overthrow

• colonial rulers.

• dictatorships.

• monarchies.

• liberal governments.

How did the Mexico’s new constitution in 1917 aim to change Mexican life?

• It gave more land to every citizen and lowered taxes.

• It gave citizens strong representation in government.

• It established a dictatorship with one strong ruler.

• It gave more land to farmers and more rights to workers.

Which of the following best describes most of today's Central American countries in the 1820s?

• They became colonies of the United States.

• They established stable democratic governments.

• They won independence from Spain.

• They broke away from Mexico.

Which of the following was an immediate cause of the Mexican Revolution of 1910?

• Spanish domination

• the overthrow of Maximilian

• widespread poverty

• the building of the Panama Canal