WH.1 - Scientific Revolution & Enlightenment

The theory of universal gravitation was most useful in explaining

• the movement of blood through the human body.

• the revolution of planets around the Sun.

• causes for different types of weather.

• forms of microscopic life.

Who is the “new astronomer” mentioned in this excerpt?

• Issac Newton

• Francis Bacon

• Rene Decartes

• Nicolaus Copernicus

Use the list below to answer the question.

•Invention of the printing press

• Influence of religious authorities in political and social institutions

• Discovery of new species through exploration of the New World

Which event was a result of these developments?

• the advent of the Scientific Revolution

• the development of the Industrial Revolution

• the coming of the Age of Discovery

• the development of trade along the Silk Road

The Baron de Montesquieu was an Enlightenment thinker who argued that a just government had its powers separated into three different branches. What made this structure of government appealing to supporters of democratic ideas?

• It provided efficiency during times of crisis.

• It limited the number of people involved in government.

• It kept any one part of government from having too much power.

• It prevented debates about the positive and negative aspects of laws.

During the 1600s, René Descartes and Francis Bacon argued for using reason to consider ideas and to study subjects.

Which statement best describes how the Catholic Church responded to this view?

• It resisted by promoting faith and religious authority.

• It reformed its practices to be more rational and scientific.

• It supported the publication of books by Descartes and Bacon.

• It imprisoned Descartes and Bacon to keep their ideas from spreading.

Galileo made an important contribution to science by

• discovering the origin of the stars.

• determining the causes of eclipses.

• providing evidence for a heliocentric universe.

• proving the existence of other planets.

Which statement best explains how the Scientific Revolution led to the growth of democratic ideas?

• The Scientific Revolution encouraged people to challenge the views of traditional authorities.

• The Scientific Revolution was based on the political ideas of thinkers from ancient Athens.

• Majority rule was the method used to decide which scientific theories were true.

• Scientists organized into political parties to have their theories made into laws.

Isaac Newton’s book Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica introduced the

• theories of atomic structure.

• explanations of electrical charges.

• premises of chemical reactions.

• universal laws of motion.

Which aspect of the Renaissance is shown in this information about Florence?

• the rising power of artists

• economic prosperity of the city-states

• new techniques in religious sculpture

• increased use of the vernacular languages

“Life, liberty, and property” were considered by John Locke to be

• legal rights.

• natural rights.

• constitutional rights.

• divine rights.