Genetic engineering bacterial transformation

In genetic engineering, biologists make changes in the _____

code of a living organism.

• Ligase

• DNA

• Gene

• Heredity

_____ living

organisms use the same genetic code.

• No two

• Some

• Most

• All

Most DNA molecules are too large to be

analyzed, so biologists cut them into smaller

fragments using

• None are correct

• restriction enzymes (also

  called endonucleases).

• restriction lipids (also

  called endonucleases).

• recombinant enzymes (also

  called endonucleases).

Restriction site = Each restriction enzyme cuts DNA at a

specific sequence of _____________

• nucleotides

• Enzymes

• None

• Plasmids

Restriction sites are small (usually ________base

pairs), symmetrical “palindrome”

• 2-4

• 3-5

• 4-8

• 4-6

Restriction enzymes can cut one of two ways:

straight through the DNA, creating “blunt

ends” that are ________ ___or creating “sticky ends” that

are ____________ in genetic engineering.

• not very useful, very useful

• Very useful, not very useful

• Very useful, also very useful

• not very useful, also not very useful

Why are sticky ends useful?

• None

• This single- stranded part (sticky end) is like a magnet

  for One other piece of DNA with a

  complementary sequence (matching

  bases), and will bind to it—this allows

  scientists to make NEW combinations of

  DNA, even DNA from different organisms or

  different species

• This single- stranded part (sticky end) is like a magnet

  for ANY other piece of DNA with a

  complementary sequence (matching

  bases), and will bind to it—this allows

  scientists to make NEW combinations of

  DNA, even DNA from different organisms or

  different species

• This single- stranded part (sticky end) is like a magnet

  for Few specific other pieces of DNA with a

  complementary sequence (matching

  bases), and will bind to it—this allows

  scientists to make NEW combinations of

  DNA, even DNA from different organisms or

  different species

a cell

takes in DNA from outside the

cell. The external DNA

becomes a component of

the cell’s DNA.

• None

• Transformation

• Conversion

• Restriction site

If transformation is successful,

the ___________ is

integrated into one of the

chromosomes of the cell.

• Restriction enzyme

• Sticky end

• Enzymes

• recombinant DNA

Recombinant DNA= DNA

combined from _ or more

organisms).

• 2

• 1

• 3

• 4