Chapter 1 RADBIO

Consequences of ionization in human cells include

1. creation of stable atoms.

2. production of free electrons.

3. creation of highly reactive free radicals capable of producing substances poisonous to the cell.

4. creation of new biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell.

5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as a normal function or loss of function.

• 1,2,3,4&5

• 2,3&4

• 3,4&5

• 1,3,&5

Diagnostic efficacy includes

1. determining if an imaging procedure is justified.

2. obtaining images with no radiation exposure.

3. adhering to radiation safety guidelines.

4. revealing the presence or absence of disease in a patient.

• 1,3 and 4

• 1,2 and 3

• 2,3, and 4

• 1 and 3

If a patient asks a radiographer a question about how much radiation he or she will receive from a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can

• tell the patient that it is unethical to discuss such concerns.

• respond by using an estimation based on the comparison of radiation received from the x-ray to natural background radiation received.

• avoid the patient’s question by changing the subject.

• refuse to answer the question and recommend that he or she speak with the referring physician.

In a hospital setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged by the hospital administration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and maintenance of the ALARA program?

• Chief of staff

• Assistant administrator of the facility

• Radiation Safety Officer

• Student radiologic technologist

The ALARA principle provides a method for comparing the amount of radiation used in various health care facilities in a particular area for specific imaging procedures. This information may be helpful to many

• regulatory agencies.

• accrediting bodies.

• advisory groups.

• radiation standards organizations.

The millisievert (mSv) is equal to

• 1/100 of a sievert.

• 1/10 of a sievert.

• 1/1000 of a sievert.

• 1/10,000 of a sievert.

The term as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) is synonymous with the term

• equivalent dose (EqD).

• background equivalent radiation time (BERT).

• diagnostic efficacy.

• optimization for radiation protection (ORP).

What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?

• Milligray

• Coulomb per kilogram

• Millisievert

• Sievert

Which of the following is a method of explaining radiation to the public?

• BERT

• ALARA

• ORP

• NEXT

Which of the following radiation quantities is intended to be the best overall measure of the biologic effects of ionizing radiation?

• Effective dose

• Exposure

• Absorbed dose

• There is no radiation quantity that is intended to be the best overall measure of the biologic effects of ionizing radiation