VII, U2 - NIV Venous

What type of Doppler is used in NIV?

• CW

• PW

What frequency of CW Doppler is used in NIV?

• 1-2Mhz

• 4-8Mhz

What are "normal" terms given to characterize blood flow in the medium sized veins of the leg?

• Continuous

• Spontaneous

• Phasic

• Stagnant

Phasicity refers to the ebb and flow of a venous signal due to a patient's _____________.

• respirations
• calf muscle pump

• venous refill time

• ejection fraction

Spontaneous flow is flow that ___________.

• moves on its own

• moves only with augmentation

• moves only by contraction of muscles

• is loud and turbulent

True or False: Spontaneous flow will always be present in non-diseased vessels of the calf.

• False

• True

Answer explanation

No due to the small vessel size and distance from the heart and lungs.

What defines "augmentation"?

• Muscle contractions by a patient

• Movement of flow upon manual squeezing or compression

• Cessation of flow upon manual compression

• Blockage of flow

"Proximal compression" is a manual augmentation of pushing upon an extremity ABOVE a Doppler site; it is utilized to evaluate the presence of

• Reflux

• Obstruction

Distal compression is also a term used to describe ___________. It is utilized to evaluate __________.

• Valsalva; reflux

• augmentation; reflux

• Valsalva; patency of a vessel

• augmentation; patency of a vessel and indirectly, reflux

Pulsatility can be a normal finding if noted ABOVE the knee.

• Yes

• No

Answer explanation

Yes, the closer the vessel is t the heart, the more normal pulsatility is. Pulsatility is most commonly noted in the UEV system.