Terrifying Tectonics Revision

A destructive plate boundary is when...

• 2 plates are moving towards each other (converging). Often an oceanic plate will subduct under a continental crust.

• 2 plates are moving past each other in different directions or in the same direction but at different speeds.

• 2 plates are moving apart (diverging).

• There is a hot spot.

Which statement best describes the distribution of volcanoes?

• Along plate boundaries.

• In a belt pattern between the Equator and Tropic of Cancer.

• In a belt pattern between the equator and Tropic of Capricorn.

• Around the edge of all major oceans.

The "Ring of Fire" is found where?

• Around the edge of the African Plate.

• Around the edge of the Eurasian Plate.

• Around the edge of the Pacific Plate.

• Around the edge of the Atlantic Plate.

Secondary effects are ....

• The initial impact of a natural event on people and property, cased directly by it

• Impacts that only affect manufacturing

• The after effects that occur as an indirect impact of a natural event.

• Impacts that only affect people

Which of these statements is not true?

• Plate boundaries are found along the Western coast of South America.

• The UK is on a plate boundary.

• Plate boundaries are found around the edge of the Pacific Ocean.

• Plate boundaries run through the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.

What type of plate boundary is this?

• Constructive

• Destructive

• Collision

• Conservative

What happens on a constructive plate boundary?

• 2 plates are moving towards each other (converging). Often an oceanic plate will subduct under a continental crust

• 2 plates are moving past each other in different directions or in the same direction but at different speeds.

• 2 plates are moving apart (diverging)

• There is a hot spot

Why do volcanoes form on constructive plate boundaries?

• When the plate sinks into the mantle it melts to form magma. The pressure of the magma builds up beneath the Earth's surface and eventually erupts.

• The Earth's crust is pulled apart to create a new pathway for rising hot magma to flow on to the surface.

• This is because plates do not pass each other smoothly; friction causes resistance.

Why do people live near volcanoes even when they are dangerous?

• The geothermal energy of a volcano can power technological systems for nearby communities.

• Soil near active volcanoes is often rich in mineral deposits and provides excellent farming opportunities.

• Apart from the volcano itself, hot springs and geysers can also bring in the tourists. This creates many jobs for people in the tourism industry.

• Often, mining towns develop around volcanoes as some volcanoes have gold, silver, diamonds, copper and zinc nearby.

Why do some earthquakes cause more deaths than others?

• Buildings which are poorly designed and not constructed for earthquake regions, and population density can collapse, which often kills people.

• The magnitude of the earthquake can be different between events, the higher the magnitude the worse the damage and deaths.

• In some countries they have designed buildings to be aseismic (can withstand shaking), which prevents deaths.

• Some earthquakes cause giant holes to open up in the earth, swallowing entire towns.