C2 Quiz #1 Preparedness

The two clauses or parts of the 4th Amendment are the reasonableness clause and the __________ Clause?

• Exclusionary

• Standing

• Warrant

• Articulation

The Katz v. U.S. of 1967 dealt with what major issue?

• Use of informants

• Reasonable Expectation of Privacy

• Narcotics Trafficking

• Stop and Frisk

The Exclusionary Rule states that....

• Evidence obtained from an illegal search will not be admitted into trial

• An officer must have probable cause in order to use deadly force

• A search incident to arrest is an exception to the 4th amendment

• Articulation, Documentation, and Ethical Action must be present in all investigations

Which burden(s) or level(s) of proof do law enforcement investigations most often deal with?

• Guilt beyond a reasonable doubt

• Clear and Convincing Evidence

• Preponderance of the Evidence

• Reasonable Suspicion and Probable Cause

The four (4) elements of arrest are 1) Intention to Arrest 2) Real/Pretended Authority 3) Detention or Seizure and

• Reasonableness

• Standing

• Communication and Understanding

• Articulation

What could happen to a police officer if they overstep their lawful authority to use force?

• Could be charged with a crime

• Could be held civilly liable

• Evidence could be excluded from trial

• All of these could happen

"Which answer best describes exigent circumstances"?

• Normal proceedings within the judicial system

• Serious and sudden situations demanding immediate action

• When evidence is not admitted into trial because of an illegal search

• Undercover operations related to narcotics trafficking

Probable Cause is a standard which varies form one case to another, for which there is no magic formula, and depends on the expertise of the officer.

• True

• False

Probable Cause is

• Reasonable Articulable Suspicion (RAS)

• Preponderance of the Evidence

• More than RAS, but less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt

• Reasonable Expectation of Privacy

The Aguilar v. Texas case (1964) established the "two prong test" concerning the use of informants. The two prongs are Basis of knowledge and

• Totality of the circumstances

• Reasonableness and prudence

• Veracity or reliability

• Guilt beyond a reasonable doubt