Mutation & Protein Synthesis Review

Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?

• the placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum

• the insertion of a nucleotide into DNA

• the movement of tRNA out of the nucleus

• the release of mRNA from DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Original DNA: GAG CTC GAC

Mutated DNA: GAG CTC CAC

This is an example of which type of gene mutation?

• no mutation

• deletion

• insertion

• substitution

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

• They often delete things that organisms need.

• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Original DNA: CAT GAT CCA

New DNA: CAT TGA TCC A

What mutation occurred?

• deletion

• substitution

• tranverse

• insertion

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

One basic unit of a Nucleic Acid is a​ (a)  

• nucleotide
• amino acid
• fatty acid
• monosaccharide

Three Nucleotides in a row of DNA or mRNA are called a...

(a)  

• Codon
• Sugar
• Ribosome
• acid
• Protein

Match the following Mutations

• Entire sequence shifts to the left

• Substitution

• One Nucleotide is swapped for another

• Insertion

• More than one nucleotide is affected and entire sequence shifts

• Point

• Entire sequence shifts to the right

• Deletion

• Only one nucleotide is affected

• Frameshift

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the basic shape of DNA?

• Single stranded

• Double helix

• triple stranded

____________: The process by which the sequence of nucleotides in a messenger RNA is converted by a ribosome and transfer RNAs into a polypeptide with a specific sequence of amino acids

• Translation

• Replication

• Transcription

• Mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

The process in which a strand of DNA is copied into an RNA strand for the purpose of protein synthesis

• Translation

• Replication

• Transcription

• Mutation