Quiz about Cosmology and Relativity

Question 1

The Jewish account of creation is believed by Muslims and Christians too. This represents about 4 billion people in the world today. According to Genesis the universe

Accepted Answer

had a beginning

Answer

has always existed

Question 2

By 1905 most scientists thought the universe ___ since they were looking at the evidence at the time.

Accepted Answer

has always existed

Answer

had a beginning

Question 3

By 1905 most scientists thought the universe ___ since they were looking at the evidence at the time.

Accepted Answer

was static

Answer

had a beginning

Question 4

Properly interpreted, Einstein's general theory of relativity predicts that the universe must be

Accepted Answer

either expanding or contracting but NOT static

Answer

expanding

Answer

contracting

Question 5

Einstein was convinced that the universe was ___ in 1917 and set out to prove it.

Accepted Answer

static

Answer

expanding

Answer

contracting

Question 6

Since his equations ___ predict it, Einstein ___

Accepted Answer

did not, added a cosmological constant to force his equations to show a static universe

Answer

did, showed how his equations predicted the expansion of the universe

Answer

did, added a cosmological constant to force his equations to show a static universe

Answer

did not, showed how his equations predicted the expansion of the universe

Question 7

LeMaitre showed how Einstein's general theory and observation predicted an expending universe. Einstein ...

Accepted Answer

rejected and ridiculed the idea

Answer

embraced the idea and helped LeMaitre publish his work

Question 8

Cepheid variables

Accepted Answer

vary in light output at a specific and regular rate depending on their mass.

Answer

put out a constant light source that is easily identifiable

Answer

vary in light output

Question 9

Using Cepheid variables, Edwin Hubble showed

Accepted Answer

all of these

Answer

that there are other galaxies than the Milky Way

Answer

The universe is immense

Answer

other galaxies are very very far away

Answer

Farther galaxies are moving faster away from us

Question 10

imagine a race car passing you. What does it sound like? As it approaches the pitch is ___ and as it recedes the pitch is ___ compared to the pitch measured by the driver.

Accepted Answer

higher, lower

Answer

lower, higher

Answer

higher, the same

Answer

the same lower

Question 11

So an approaching car's sound waves ___.

And a receding car's sound waves ___.

Accepted Answer

pile up, spread apart

Answer

spread apart, pile up

Question 12

The approaching car's sound waves shift toward the ___ frequencies. The receding car's sound waves shift toward the ___ frequencies.

Accepted Answer

higher, lower

Answer

lower, higher

Question 13

Blue light is ___ frequency than red light - it's closer to the ultraviolet

Accepted Answer

higher

Answer

lower

Question 14

Receding stars and galaxies have light spectra that are shifted toward the ___. This is called the ___ shift and Hubble used it to find the speed of distant galaxies.

Accepted Answer

red

Answer

blue

Question 15

A car approaching you at a higher speed will have a ___ pitch

Accepted Answer

higher

Answer

lower

Question 16

Once Hubble presented his evidence and it confirmed Lemaitre's idea of the expanding universe

Accepted Answer

Einstein acquiesced and accepted the expanding universe

Answer

Einstein said "I told you so"

Answer

Einstein stuck to his static universe idea to his death

Question 17

Based on their calculations, ___ would have to be created each day in each galaxy to be consistent with the steady state theory.

Accepted Answer

only a few hundred atoms - a tiny amount

Answer

Millions of tons of matter

Question 18

This radio static represented

Accepted Answer

all of these

Answer

blackbody radiation at 3 K

Answer

cosmic background radiation

Answer

a Big Bang echo

Answer

evidence of the start of the universe

Question 19

There is ___ evidence for String Theory.

Accepted Answer

no

Answer

plenty of

Question 20

String Theory is ___ explanation for particles and their interactions in the universe.

Accepted Answer

one

Answer

the only

Question 21

String Theory is an elegant solution and does fit many of our confirmed ideas about the universe

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 22

"Multiverse Theory"

Accepted Answer

is one way of solving the scientific problems of the origin of the universe

Answer

is solid and proven science

Answer

refers to at least three distinct views

Question 23

We are alive in our universe and observing it. That is because

Accepted Answer

Any of these can explain it philosophically.

Answer

God made it and us

Answer

that's the way the universe works

Answer

there are many universes and this bubble happens to have the proper constants for our existence

Question 24

There is ___ evidence for multiverse theory

Accepted Answer

no

Answer

plenty of

Question 25

Michelson and Morley expected the speed of light to be ___ when traveling parallel and perpendicular to the motion of Earth

Accepted Answer

different

Answer

the same

Question 26

The Michelson-Morley result showed that the speed of light is ___ no matter the speed of the source or observer

Accepted Answer

constant

Answer

different

Question 27

A baseball thrown forward at 30 mph in a bus traveling 50 mph will be measured to have a speed of ___ when measured by a "stationary" observer.

Accepted Answer

80 mph

Answer

30 mph

Answer

50 mph

Question 28

A light beam fired forward in a bus traveling at half the speed of light will be measured to have a speed of ___ when measured by a "stationary" observer.

Accepted Answer

speed of light

Answer

1.5 times the speed of light

Question 29

Einstein concluded that each person's measurement of ___ would be different at different speeds

Accepted Answer

distance, time, and mass

Answer

distance

Answer

time

Answer

mass

Question 30

You will ___ measure objects traveling with you to be acting differently

Accepted Answer

never

Answer

always

Question 31

Special relativity is called "special" because it mostly deals with

Accepted Answer

objects near the speed of light at a constant speed and direction

Answer

objects at a constant speed and turning

Answer

objects at a constant speed never turning

Answer

objects traveling near the speed of light

Question 32

I travel past you near the speed of light. You measure my meter stick to be ___ than yours

Accepted Answer

shorter

Answer

longer

Answer

the same

Question 33

I travel past you near the speed of light. I measure your meter stick to be ___ than mine

Accepted Answer

shorter

Answer

longer

Answer

the same

Question 34

Since we both measure each other's meter sticks to be shorter, which perspective is correct?

Accepted Answer

both

Answer

mine

Answer

yours

Answer

neither

Question 35

I travel past you near the speed of light. You measure my clock to be ticking ___ than yours

Accepted Answer

slower

Answer

faster

Answer

the same

Question 36

I travel past you near the speed of light. I measure your clock to be ticking ___ than mine

Accepted Answer

slower

Answer

faster

Answer

the same

Question 37

Since we both measure each other's clocks to be ticking slower, which perspective is correct?

Accepted Answer

both

Answer

mine

Answer

yours

Answer

neither

Question 38

Particles moving near light speed will collide with ___ force than we normally calculate

Accepted Answer

more

Answer

less

Answer

the same

Question 39

Particles collide with more energy, more force, more momentum than we expect when traveling near light speed because

Accepted Answer

their mass is measured to be larger

Answer

their mass is measured to be smaller

Answer

their mass is measured to be the same

Question 40

According to the Special Theory of Relativity, objects ___

Accepted Answer

can never travel at or above the speed of light

Answer

will commonly travel at but not above the speed of light

Answer

will commonly travel above the speed of light but never exactly the speed of light

Answer

will rarely but sometimes travel above the speed of light

Question 41

Length is contracted ___ when near the speed of light

Accepted Answer

only parallel to the direction of velocity

Answer

only perpendicular to the direction of velocity

Answer

in all directions

Question 42

General Theory of Relativity explains gravitational force as

Accepted Answer

curved space

Answer

two objects pulling each other

Question 43

General Theory of Relativity explains orbiting planets as

Accepted Answer

objects following straight lines in curved space

Answer

objects turned from their natural straight line paths by a gravitational force.

Question 44

General Theory of Relativity was experimentally confirmed in 1919

Accepted Answer

by observation of curved light from a star around the sun during an eclipse

Answer

something else

Question 45

According to General Relativity, time ticks ___ in stronger gravitational fields

Accepted Answer

slower

Answer

faster

Question 46

According to General Relativity, time ticks ___ on a satellite around Earth than at the surface of Earth

Accepted Answer

faster

Answer

slower

Cosmology and Relativity

54 questions

The Jewish account of creation is believed by Muslims and Christians too. This represents about 4 billion people in the world today. According to Genesis the universe

By 1905 most scientists thought the universe ___ since they were looking at the evidence at the time.

By 1905 most scientists thought the universe ___ since they were looking at the evidence at the time.

Einstein wrote his first famous scientific papers in the year ___

Einstein's scientific papers in his miracle year were on

10 years later, in the year ___, Einstein finally developed his general theory of relativity.

Properly interpreted, Einstein's general theory of relativity predicts that the universe must be

Einstein was convinced that the universe was ___ in 1917 and set out to prove it.

Since his equations _ predict it, Einstein _

LeMaitre showed how Einstein's general theory and observation predicted an expending universe. Einstein ...

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