Unit 6: Natural Selection & Selective Breading

Which of the following is an example of selective breeding?

• A. Letting dogs choose their own mate.

• B. Crossing a Labrador with a Poodle to

  create a Labradoodle.

• C. Creating larger ears of corn.

• Both B and C

During the industrial revolution in England, great forests of Aspen trees were polluted.

The typically white trunks of the trees started to darken and turn black due to the soot

produced by burning coal. Over time it was observed that the numbers of white moth

offspring decreased while the number of darker moth offspring greatly increased. Which

statement gives the best explanation for changes in the moth population?

• The dark moth population began to

  increase because only the darkest of the

  species could camouflage themselves

  against the dark tree trunks.

• The white moths were unaffected by the

  change in tree trunk color because they

  have no predators.

• The white moths also turned black

  because they were covered in smog, so

  they were able to camouflage themselves

  against the dark trunks.

• The white moths increased in number

  because their predators were blinded by

  the stark contrast to the tree trunks.

Suppose a certain species of insect lives in the lush GREEN forest. Some of the insects are bright green in color, and some are bright yellow. Assume the birds in the forest like to eat insects. What do you expect to happen to the populations of the green and the yellow insects over time?

• The green insect population will increase

  and the yellow insect population will

  decrease.

• Both insect populations will increase over

  time.

• The green insect population will decrease

  and the yellow insect population will

  increase.

• Both insect populations will remain

  constant over time.

Which answer choice best describes natural selection (survival of the fittest)?

• The process by which favorable (good)

  traits tend to increase over time.

• The process by which unfavorable (not so

  good) traits tends to increase over time.

• The process of organisms mating, having

  many offspring, and living happily.

• The process of classifying unknown

  organisms.

Charles Darwin studies natural selection in the Galapagos Islands. He found that the finches on each island had different types of beaks. How did all the finches on each different island come to have different types of beaks?

• They are different types of birds that are

  not related to each other.

• The finches cannot fly to the other

  islands.

• Competition for food caused changes in

  beaks size or shape

• The different beaks have changed

  overtime due to a mutation experiment

  by scientists.

Survival of the Fittest and Evolution were proposed by what scientist?

• Charles Darwin

• Albert Einstein

• Steven Hawking

• Isaac Newton

Behavior, structural, or physiology changes of individuals of a species that allow for better chance of survival. (Acquired traits)

• Environment

• Variation

• Adaptation

• Behavior

When every organism of a species has died.

• Natural Selection

• Evolution

• Extinction

• Artificial Selection

Which is the best reason for having different shaped beaks?

• To be able to protect itself against prey.

• To reduce competition by looking

  different from other species.

• To be able to protect itself against

  predators.

• To reduce competition with other species

  eating different types of foods.

Mutations are a change in what?

• genotype

• phenotype

• tRNA

• DNA