Midterm Review (Matter, Thermal Energy, Waves)

Which transverse wave would have the greatest amplitude?

• The one with the highest crest.

• The one with the highest trough.

• The one with the greatest frequency.

• The one with the greatest wavelength.

Answer explanation

Remember amplitude means the height of the wave.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

This illustration shows a sound wave traveling from a tuning fork through a medium. How can the wave length be determined?

• By comparing the width of the bands at X and at Y

• By comapring the number of particles at X and at Y

• By measuring the distance between two points labeled X

• By measuring the distance between a point labeled X and a point labeled Y.

Answer explanation

Wavelength is measured from crest to crest or trough to trough.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

Use the diagram of ac convection current to answer the question that follows. Which arrow represents the hottest air in this convection current?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Answer explanation

Hot air will rise and cold air will sink.

A student makes a solar oven out of a pizza box, aluminum foil, black paper, and a sheet of plastic. Why does the student use aluminum foil in her design?

• The foil reflects the sunlight, directing heat ti the inside of the oven.

• The foil reflects the sunlight from the outside of the oven to the inside.

• The foil changes the sunlight into infrared wavelengths that cook the food.

• The foil absorbs the sunlight and retains the heat in order to cook the food.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Which color jacket would most likely help a person stay warm on a cold, but sunny day?

• Pink jacket

• Gray jacket

• White jacke

• Black jacket

Answer explanation

Black absorbs heat.

A student pours a 500 ml of freshwater into one beaker and a 500 ml sample of salt water into another beaker.

This student places the beakers next to a window on a sunny day.

The student records the initial water temperatures , waits one hour, and then records the final water temperatures.

The student's measurements are shown in the table below.

What does the data suggest?

• Salt water absorbs more of the sun's energy than freshwater.

• Freshwater absorbs more of the sun's energy than salt water

• Only salt water absorbes the sun's energy.

• Only freshawater absorbs the sun's energy.

Answer explanation

Absorption takes in more heat, therefore heat will increase.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Kim is in a room that has an air temperature of 25 degrees C (77F). Before pouring cold water into a glass, she notices that the ice in the pitcher is melting.

What would be the BEST way for Kim to describe how thermal energy is being transferred?

• Heat moves from the ice to the water.

• Cold moves from the ice into the water.

• Heat moves from the air into the water.

• Cold moves from the water into the room.

Answer explanation

Heat transfer always moves from hot to cold.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A pan of soup is being heated on an electric stove. A metal spoon is used to occasionally stir the soup. Which of the following is an example of heat being transferred by convection?

• Heating the pan.

• Heating the soup.

• Heating the spoon.

• Heating the stove burner.

Two identical beakers containing water, which have not yet been placed in the sun, are shown .

If both beakers are placed outside, in the sun, for the same amount of time, what effect will the sun have on the water in each beaker?

• The water in beaker Y will heat faster because the volume of the water is greater.

• The water in beaker Y will heat faster because the density of the water is greater.

• The water in beaker X will heat faster because the density of the water is lower.

• The water in beaker X will heat faster because the volume of the water is lower.

Answer explanation

There is not as much water in beaker X so it will get hotter faster.

Volume is the amount of space something takes. Less space means it will heat up faster.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which properties are not determined by the amount of a substance?

• Weight and pH

• Density and Mass

• Volume and Solubility

• Melting and boiling point.

Answer explanation

Amount means it can be measured (how much?). Boling and melting point can not be measures by how much.