A History of Slavery

During Reconstruction, the Black Codes

• protected the Constitutional rights and liberties of freed slaves.
• were enacted by the Radical Republicans to prevent racial discrimination in the South.
• forced Congress to do the bidding of former Confederate politicians.
• were laws passed by mainly Southern states to keep African Americans in a system of virtual slavery.

The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments reflected the growing 19th century American trend of

• granting universal manhood suffrage.
• decreasing the power of the Federal government.
• upholding rights of free speech and religion.
• recognizing the basic civil liberties of all races.

The Constitutional amendment that prohibited denying voting rights to people based on race or color is the

• Twelfth Amendment.
• Thirteenth Amendment.
• Fifteenth Amendment.
• Fourteenth Amendment.

The purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau was to

• provide 40 acres and a mule for each slave.
• provide work, education, and relief for former slaves.
• gain the vote for millions of former slaves.
• get radical Republicans in positions of power in the South.

By the end of the Reconstruction era, most African-Americans in the United States

• had received a free college education paid for by wealthy northerners.
• began to migrate in massive numbers to the rural South to pursue farming jobs.
• found themselves owners of the land their ancestors had worked on as slaves.
• found themselves increasingly left out of the political process because of poll taxes and literacy tests.

"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."- Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution -This amendment was created primarily for the purpose of

• punishing southern states.
• pardoning Confederate veterans.
• avoiding another Civil War.
• granting former slaves suffrage.

Which of these would have been a goal of the Ku Klux Klan in the south during Reconstruction?

• making sure Reconstruction went smoothly
• ensuring that freedmen had the right to vote
• assisting the scalawags and carpetbaggers
• restoring southern Democrats to political power

Presidential Reconstruction following the American Civil War can BEST be described as

• a plan to fix the damage to the White House caused by the Civil War.
• a desire to rebuild the country quickly and without ill feelings following the war.
• a desire to rebuild the southern states quickly to help control the economy.
• a desire to punish those southerners responsible for causing and/or prolonging the war.

What agency was created by the United States Congress in 1865 to set up schools and churches, supply food and clothing, and solve employment issues for the former slaves?

• the Ku Klux Klan
• the American Missionary Association
• the Freedmen's Bureau
• the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

In American history, the term "Reconstruction" refers to

• problems associated with the transformation to an industrial economy.
• federal government intervention in the former Confederate states in order to monitor the treatment of former slaves.
• the admission of Western territories to the U.S. as either Free or Slave states.
• the establishment of a new system of agriculture in the western states and territories based on industrial machinery.