MED22 GI System Week 2: Histology

The GI tract can be described as a 4-layered tube. Which of the following is the correct order of these layers from the innermost to the outermost layer?

• Submucosa, Mucosa, Serosa, Muscularis

• Submucosa, Serosa, Mucosa, Muscularis

• Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis, Serosa

• Mucosa, Submucosa, Serosa, Muscularis

Answer explanation

From innermost to outermost layer:

Mucosa

Submucosa

Muscularis

Serosa

The gastric pits are lined with specialised cells that secrete particular enzymes. Which of the following cells secrete Intrinsic Factor and Hydrochloric Acid?

• Mucous Neck Cell

• Chief Cell

• Surface Mucous Cell

• Parietal Cell

Answer explanation

Parietal cells are pyramid-shaped cells that produce Hydrochloric Acid and gastric Intrinsic Factor.

Peyer’s patches are large aggregations of lymphoid follicles found in the ileum. They are covered with a layer of epithelium with relatively few ................ cells.

Answer explanation

Goblet Cells

What is the function of Auerbach's plexus in the enteric nervous system?

• Secretion

• Peristalsis

• Mucosal Movement

• Localised Blood Flow

Answer explanation

Auerbach's plexus is involved in Peristalsis. The other functions are related to Meissner's plexus.

The Pancreas releases a number of hormones from specialised cells. Which cell type produces the hormone Somatostatin?

• α-cells

• β-cells

• γ-cells

• PP cells

Answer explanation

Somatostatin is produced by γ-cells in the pancreas