8.5 Dalton Graham & Ideal Gases

Dalton's Law states...

• that at a constant temperature the volume of a confined ideal gas varies inversely with its pressure.
• that the total pressure exerted by the mixture of non-reactive gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases
• how gases tend to expand when heated
• that the density of an ideal gas at constant pressure varies inversely with the absolute temperature of the gas.

A container holds three gases: oxygen, carbon dioxide, and helium. The partial pressures of the three gases are 2.00 atm, 3.00 atm, and 4.00 atm, respectively. What is the total pressure inside the container?

• 2 atm
• 4 atm
• 3 atm
• 9 atm

Lighter gases have a ________________ rate of effusion.

• faster 
• slower
• rate of effusion does not depend on mass.

Heavier gases have a __________________ rate of effusion.

• Faster
• Slower
• Rate of effusion does not depend on mass.

The rate of effusion is _______________ proportional to the square root of its' molar mass. 

• Directly
• Inversely 

Effusion is

• used to describe the combustibility of a gas.
• ability of a gas to escape through a tiny opening
• what occurs after diffusion.
• the ability of a gas to mix with other gases.

Identify the factor that determines rates of diffusion and effusion for different molecules at a given temperature.

• Size of the molecules

• Polarity of the molecules

• Temperature of the gas

• Molar mass of the gas

Grahams law refers specifically to

• the rate of diffusion

• the rate of effusion

• the temperature of gases

• the partial and total pressures of gases in a sample.

Which of the following gases will effuse most slowly under the same physical conditions?
Don't forget to check for diatomics!

• Hydrogen
• Chlorine
• Ammonia (NH₃)
• Bromine