Anatomy and Physiology Final Exam Spring 2025

Which part of the neuron is primarily responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?

• Axon

• Dendrite

• Myelin sheath

• Node of Ranvier

Which neurotransmitter is most commonly associated with muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction?

• Dopamine

• Acetylcholine

• Serotonin

• GABA

Match the following brain structures with their primary functions: 1. Cerebellum 2. Medulla Oblongata 3. Hypothalamus 4. Frontal Lobe a. Regulates heart rate and breathing b. Coordinates voluntary movement c. Controls emotions and decision making d. Maintains homeostasis

• 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c

• 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d

• 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a

• 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath?

• It generates action potentials.

• It insulates axons to speed up nerve impulse transmission.

• It receives neurotransmitters from synaptic clefts.

• It produces cerebrospinal fluid.

A patient is unable to feel pain or temperature on the left side of their body. Which part of the central nervous system is most likely damaged?

• Right parietal lobe

• Left occipital lobe

• Right temporal lobe

• Left frontal lobe

Label the following diagram of a neuron with the correct terms: Axon, Dendrite, Cell Body, Axon Terminal.

• A-Axon, B-Dendrite, C-Cell Body, D-Axon Terminal

• A-Dendrite, B-Cell Body, C-Axon, D-Axon Terminal

• A-Cell Body, B-Axon, C-Dendrite, D-Axon Terminal

• A-Axon Terminal, B-Axon, D-Cell Body, D-Dendrite

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision?

• Olfactory (I)

• Optic (II)

• Oculomotor (III)

• Trigeminal (V)

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

• Regulating body temperature

• Controlling hunger and thirst

• Coordinating voluntary muscle movement

• Managing circadian rhythms

Which of the following best describes the function of the corpus callosum?

• It produces cerebrospinal fluid.

• It connects the two cerebral hemispheres.

• It regulates heart rate.

• It controls voluntary muscle movement.

A patient has difficulty moving their right arm and leg. Which area of the brain is most likely affected?

• Left frontal lobe

• Right parietal lobe

• Left occipital lobe

• Right temporal lobe