Genetics Review

What is a phenotype?

• The expression of a trait; what you see.
• refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
• An organism that has the same genes for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
• the passing of traits from parent to offspring

The inherited combination of alleles is known as the offspring's

• heredity
• phenotype
• genotype
• redigree

Which of the following is the best definition for heredity?

• Heredity is the passing of particles from high concentration to low concentration.

• Heredity explains how DNA copies itself.

• Heredity is the passing of traits from parent to offspring.

• Heredity is the forming of clones.

What is one advantage of sexual reproduction?

• offspring are identical to parents
• offspring are resistant to viruses
• offspring are born live, rather thna from eggs
• offspring inherit a wider variety of genetic information

Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait (ex: HH or hh) are said to be...

• homozygous

• dominant

• heterozygous

• hybrid

A cat has a total of 40 chromosomes in its body cells. How many in its sex cells?

• 38

• 20

• 76

• 10

The process of crossing over occurs in what meiotic phase?

• anaphase 1
• prophase 1
• prophase 2
• telophase 1

In humans, sperm cell have ___________ chromosomes and are ___________________, while skin cells have _____________ chromosomes are are diploid.

• 23. haploid. 46 diploid

• 46. haploid. 23. diploid

• 23 diploid. 46 haploid

• 46. diploid. 23. haploid.

With mitosis you get ___, _________ cells, but with meiosis, you get ___, ____________.

• 4 different, 2 identical
• 4 identical, 2 different
• 2 different, 4 identical
• 2 identical, 4 different

During Metaphase I in meiosis, all 46 homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, however the order in which they line up is random and leads to 8 million different combinations. This process is called _

• Crossing Over

• Random Fertilization

• Independent Assortment

• Meiotic Division