Unit 4: Socialization and Stratification

An image of ourselves based on imagining how we appear to others is called the

• generalized other

• nature vs nurture debate

• looking-glass self

• birth order

A system by which society categorizes people, and ranks them in a hierarchy.

• social layers

• social class

• social stratification

• social categorization

Family, school, peers and the media are the

• total institutions

• role strains

• agents of socialization

• role-taking stages

How do wealth levels vary by demographic group?

• Women tend to have lower individual wealth levels than men.

• Married couples accumulate more wealth than people who are unmarried.

• Race and wealth are closely linked -- the median wealth level of a white household is about 12 times that of a black household.

• All of the above

Parents often socialize their children to:

• Understand and follow different norms from what they themselves follow

• Understand and follow the same norms that they themselves follow

• Ignore society and create their own norms and follow them regardless of consequences

• Ignore society and live alone without much interaction with other people

Whose study described the differences in the way that boys and girls view morality?

• Lawrence Kohlberg

• Sigmund Freud

• Erik Erikson

• Carol Gilligan

Why are peer groups important to adolescents?

• They rank higher in importance to adolescents’ than parental influence.

• They provide the second major socialization experience outside the realm of their families.

• They help to develop a sense of identity separate from adolescents’ parents.

• They help exert dependence among adolescents.

Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living?

• Income

• Class

• Employment

• All of the answers

Since the social classes in the United States do not have any clear boundaries, how is a sociologist supposed to determine whether their subjects are in the upper class or the upper-middle class?

• The upper class is split into “old money” and “new money” people, while the upper-middle class simply struggles to maintain its wealth.

• All upper class people enjoy opera and have been bred for their stations while the upper-middle class consists mostly of newly wealthy people who may not have had the same kind of upbringing.

• Upper class is often defined as having control over one’s life and the lives of people around you, while the upper-middle class is often defined as having control only over one’s own life.

• In the upper class, everyone knows everyone, but in the upper-middle class, the people do not comingle.

Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today?

• World War I

• Industrial Revolution

• The French Revolution

• The Fall of the British Empire