Gilded Age and Westward Expansion Test Review 2025

What is the Homestead Act?

• Gives settlers 160 acres for free as long as they cultivate it for 5 years.

• Requires all citizens to pay a land tax every year.

• Allows only government officials to own land in the West.

• Gives land to railroad companies for free.

What did the Dawes Act do?

• Gave Native Americans 160 acres per family to cultivate. Trying to assimilate Native Americans to American culture.

• Granted women the right to vote in federal elections.

• Established the first transcontinental railroad.

• Ended slavery throughout the United States.

Who is a philanthropist?

• A person who seeks to promote the welfare of others through monetary donations. Examples: Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller.

• A person who studies ancient civilizations.

• A person who manages a sports team.

• A person who writes fictional stories.

What are political machines?

• A person that provided essential services to immigrants in exchange for votes.

• A type of voting machine used in elections.

• A government agency that regulates political parties.

• A law enforcement group that monitors elections.

What is the Bessemer process?

• Made the production of steel cheaper and more efficient

• A method used to extract gold from ore using mercury.

• A process for refining crude oil into gasoline and diesel.

• A technique for producing synthetic rubber from petroleum.

Who is a nativist?

• A person who feels native-born Americans should be most important. They would be anti-immigrant

• A person who supports open borders and increased immigration.

• A person who advocates for equal rights for all immigrants.

• A person who believes in global citizenship over national identity.

What does Laissez-Faire mean?

• Government's hands off approach to business.

• Strict government regulation of business.

• Government ownership of all businesses.

• A system of high taxes on businesses.

What did the Chinese Exclusion Act do?

• Barred Chinese immigrant workers from entering the US for 10 years.

• Granted Chinese immigrants automatic citizenship upon arrival in the US.

• Allowed unlimited Chinese immigration to the US for railroad construction.

• Required all Chinese immigrants to serve in the US military for 5 years.

What is a monopoly?

• Exclusion control over the supply or trade in a commodity or service.

• A market with many sellers and buyers.

• A situation where prices are determined by supply and demand.

• A business that operates in multiple countries.

What is assimilation?

• Becoming a part of a new culture.

• A process of separating cultural groups to maintain their unique identities.

• A method of learning a new language without adopting cultural traits.

• A system of government based on hereditary rule.