children’s early education should be natural; children learn through curiosity; little adult intervention

Early education should be natural

Which of the following is an example of the development of receptive language?

Five-year-old Archie opens the book, Tacky the Penguin, and tells the story page by page.

Three-year-old Patrick draws a picture of an airplane and says, "I go see Grammy!"

Two-year-old Makenzy falls on the sidewalk, scrapes her knee, and shouts, "Mama!"I’m

Four-year-old Franklin dances while listening to music on his brother's playlist.

Mrs. Penn's goal is to develop word consciousness in her first graders. According to the text, which of the following activities will most help her reach this goal?

focus on expressive rather than receptive language.

provide children with the opportunity to talk in many different settings.

test children weekly on their knowledge of sight words.

make sure children don't speak in overgeneralizations.

Research shows that children can and must learn a minimum of 5-10 words per week. What can the teacher do to accomplish this goal?

send home lists of new words and ask students to find and write definitions.

explicitly teach vocabulary and allow for a significant amount of spontaneous and embedded vocabulary instruction.

natural learning but with informal instruction; teacher create conditions; sensory manipulative experiences; lessons involving manipulating objects/“gifts”

sensory manipulative experiences;

lessons involving manipulating objects/“gifts”

20. Mrs. Band teaches kindergarten and wants to include activities that support and enhance the language development of her students. What advice do you give her?

She should implement a variety of learning centers, plan thematic units, and use high-quality children's literature as part of her literacy program.This will provide opportunities for students generate language.

She should carefully construct interesting worksheets to practice and reinforce the language development skills. This way she can monitor their progress.

She should only use learning centers with the advanced students since their language skills are already developed.

She should implement a variety of learning centers, plan thematic units, and use high-quality children's literature with students who finish their work early.

22. Of the following, which one best describes a well-designed literacy center?

Well-designed literacy centers should be placed in the classroom. It should be easily accessible to students and include a variety of different types of books as well as other materials such as magnetic letters, puzzles, and games.

Well-designed literacy centers should be placed in the library so that students have access a variety of different types of books. It should be readily accessible to students during their scheduled library time.

Well-designed literacy centers should be implemented once students learn how to decode words, so they can go there to practice their reading skills. It should be placed in a corner of the classroom, so students can go there once they are finished with their work.

Well-designed literacy centers need to be planned carefully so that all books in the center can be easily read by students. It should be placed by the teacher's desk so that she is easily accessible to help students figure out the words

includes color recognition, shape, and letter identification

put things together, take apart, rearrange, reshape, change point of view

identifies similar sounds, letter sounds, rhyming words

includes color recognition, shape, and letter identification

put things together, take apart, rearrange, reshape, change point of view

identifies similar sounds, letter sounds, rhyming words

Visual discrimination

put things together, take apart, rearrange, reshape, change point of view

includes color recognition, shape, and letter identification

identifies similar sounds, letter sounds, rhyming words

Auditory discrimination

Identifies similar sounds, letter sounds, rhyming words

includes color recognition, shape, and letter identification

put things together, take apart, rearrange, reshape, change point of view

social constructivism; learning occurs as children acquire new concepts; schema (mental structures), scaffolding; Zone of proximal development

cognitive constructivism; children are active participants in learning by changing and reorganizing their knowledge; designed the High Scope curriculum

behaviorism; learning through imitation and association, and through conditioning; explicit instruction

constructivism and progressivism; children learn through play in real-life settings; theme-based instruction; use of centers

constructivism; children learn through play, which requires adult guidance and planned environment; teachers as facilitators; systematic curriculum with objects and materials