Cognition Chapter 9 (Part 1) - PSYC 1101 Intro to Psychology KSU

What is the Definition of Cognition?

• All mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

• storage of events and actions

• Conscious awareness focused on a particular stimulus

• Mental image or best example of acategory

Match the following

• Assess mental aptitudes and compare them with those of others, using numerical scores

• Intelligence Tests

• Intended to predict ability to learn some new skill

• Aptitude Tests

• Intended to reflect what is learned

• Achievement Tests

What happens when there is damage to the left frontal lobe (Broca's area)?

• Damage to left frontal lobe (Broca’s area): Can sing familiar songs and comprehend speech, struggle with speech production

  Damage to left temporal lobe (Wernicke’s area): Can speak only meaningless words, unable to understand speech of others

• Damage to left frontal lobe (Wernicke’s area): Can sing familiar songs and comprehend speech, struggle with speech production

  Damage to left temporal lobe (Broca’s area): Can speak only meaningless words, unable to understand speech of others

• Damage to left frontal lobe (Broca’s area): Can sing familiar songs and comprehend speech, unable to understand speech of others

  Damage to left temporal lobe (Wernicke’s area): Can speak only meaningless words, struggle with speech production

What can produce aphasia?

• Damage to any of several cortical areas

• Genetic dispositions to being dysfunctional

• Mutations in an allele

What is the definition of parallel processing?

• The brain divides mental functions into subfunctions to process language

• Ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

• underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test

When is the ability to master any language lost when there is no exposure?

• 7 years old

• 11 years old

• 5 years old

• 9 years old

When is a sensitive period for mastering certain language aspects?

• Childhood

• Adulthood

• Adolescence

• Teenage years

Define Syntax

• Set of rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences

• Set of rules for deriving meaning from sounds/words; meaning in language (e.g., destination vs. last stop)

• System of rules that enables communication with and understanding others; these guide semantics and syntax

What is the definition of Semantics?

• Set of rules for deriving meaning from sounds/words; meaning in language (e.g., destination vs. last stop)

• Set of rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences

• System of rules that enables communication with and understanding others; these guide semantics and syntax

What is the definition of Grammar?

• System of rules that enables communication with and understanding others; these guide semantics and syntax

• Set of rules for deriving meaning from sounds/words; meaning in language (e.g., destination vs. last stop)

• Set of rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences