Unit 3: Cells & Celll Transport

Which organelle, found in this plant cell, breaks down sugars for cellular energy?

• nucleus

• chromosome

• ribosomes

• mitochondria

Answer explanation

glucose is broken down to produce usable energy and eukaryotic cells have mitochondria.

Which structure or organelle is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Responses

• ribosomes

• mitochondria

• chloroplasts

• endoplasmic reticulum

Answer explanation

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have ribosomes which create proteins while the other choices eukaryotes are the only ones that have them.

Some ions and molecules need the cell to use energy to allow them to cross the cell membrane. This type of transport is called

• osmosis

• diffusion

• active transport

• passive transport

Answer explanation

Active transport is when the cell must use energy to get molecules and ions to cross the cell membrane

Which cell process requires energy expenditure?

• osmosis

• passive transport

• facilitated diffusion

• phagocytosis

Answer explanation

Phagocytosis is known as the process of"cell eating"

A cell with 1% solute concentration is placed in a beaker with a 5% solute

concentration.What will happen to this cell over time?

• The cell will lose H₂O and shrink.

• The cell will both gain and lose equal amounts of H₂O ; thus, it will remain the same size.

• The cell will undergo no exchange of H₂O with its surroundings.

• The cell will gain H₂O and expand.

Answer explanation

The cell will lose H2O and shrink relates to a hypertonic solution.

Which process moves water molecules across the membrane of a cell?

• exocytosis

• osmosis

• endocytosis

• diffusion

Answer explanation

osmosis is always relating to water

Here is an image of the mitochondria. Mitochondria numbers can differ between cell types based on the function of the cell. Which of these cells would contain the highest number of mitochondria?

• red blood cell

• skin cell

• muscle cell

• lung cell

Answer explanation

The muscle cell requires a lot of energy when compared to the other choices.

Which process describes the ATP-requiring movement of extremely large substances out of a cell in pockets called vesicles?

• exocytosis

• endocytosis

• phagocytosis

• passive transport

Answer explanation

Large substances that are too large to pass through membrane proteins are removed or taken in, inside of vesicles.

What term best describes region “b” of the phospholipid model above?

• Negatively charged

• Polar

• Hydrophobic

• Hydrophilic

Answer explanation

Hydrophobic The phospholipid has a chagred head

Substances like oxygen pass through the cell without the use of energy and move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This process is called

• filtration.

• active transport.

• passive transport.

• osmosis.

Answer explanation

passive transport does not require energy and this diffusion of oxygen is a type of passive transport.