03/10 Review

Mitochondria and Chloroplast are similar to prokaryotic cells like bacteria in what way?

• Their DNAs are copies of each other

• Their DNAs both have uracil

• Their DNAs are circular

• Their DNAs both have short lifespans

What is the function of the vacuole?

• Sac that stores water, nutrients, and waste products
• Sac filled with digestive chemicals
• Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane
• stack of membranes that packages chemicals

How do cilia and flagella differ?

• Cilia are made of microfilaments and flagella of microtubules.

• Cilia are helpful in the process of engulfing food. Flagella are involved in the movement of the organism.

• Cilia are short and found in large numbers on the cell surface whereas flagella are long and fewer in number.

• Cilia are found in prokaryotic cells and flagella in eukaryotic cells.

Bacteria do not have organelles; yet, the same reactions that take place on the mitochondria inner membrane, the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP, and chloroplasts, photosynthesis, take place in bacteria. Where do these reactions take place?

• These reactions take place in the nucleoid of the bacteria.

• These reactions occur in the cytoplasm present in the bacteria.

• These reactions occur on the plasma membrane of bacteria.

• These reactions take place in the mesosomes.

Which of these is a possible explanation for the presence of a rigid cell wall in plants?

• Plant cells have a rigid cell wall to prevent the influx of waste material

• Plant cells have a rigid cell wall to protect themselves from grazing animals

• .Plants are subjected to osmotic pressure and a cell wall helps them against bursting or shrinking

• Plants remain exposed to changes in temperature and thus require rigid cell walls to protect themselves

Where do you find DNA? SELECT ALL

• Peroxisome

• Nucleus

• Rough ER

• Chloroplast

• Mitochondria

Which of the following sequences correctly lists in order the steps involved in the incorporation of a protein within a cell membrane?

• a.synthesis of the protein on the ribosome; modification in the Golgi apparatus; packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum; modification in the vesicle

• synthesis of the protein on the ribosome; modification in the endoplasmic reticulum; tagging in the Golgi; distribution via the vesicle

• synthesis of the protein on the lysosome; modification in the Golgi; packaging in the vesicle; distribution in the endoplasmic reticulum

• synthesis of the protein on the lysosome; packaging in the vesicle; distribution via the Golgi; modification in the endoplasmic reticulum

Draw a prokaryote with at least 3 labeled organelles

Why is it energetically better to have a messy room as opposed to a clean room?

• According to the second law of thermodynamics, cleaning my room takes energy away from my studying through enthalpy

• According to the first law of thermodynamics, cleaning my room takes energy away from my studying through entropy

• According to the first law of thermodynamics, I can see everything easier if it's not put away

• According to the second law of thermodynamics, cleaning my room takes energy away from my studying through entropy

What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?