During mitosis and meiosis, DNA is compacted into ____________.

• nucleosomes

• histonesc

• chromosomes

• scaffold proteins

What are the two major types of chromatin?

• euchromatin and satellite DNA

• heterochromatin and satellite DNA

• euchromatin and heterochromatin

• satellite DNA and scaffold proteins

What are centromeres and telomeres?

• two types of histones

• regions of heterochromatin

• types of satellite DNA

• distinctive features of chromosomes

What is the function of telomerase?

• to compact DNA into chromosomes

• to initiate DNA replication

• to synthesize unreplicated DNA at the ends of linear chromosomes

• to transport chromosomes during cell division

Why do eukaryotes need multiple origins of replication?

• to compact DNA into chromosomes

• to initiate DNA replication

• to maintain the length of chromosomes during replication

• to duplicate each chromosome within the observed time of S-phase

Which of the following is NOT a level of structural organization in eukaryotic chromosomes?

• Nucleosomes

• Histone H1

• Histone H1

• Centromeres

What is the difference between homologous chromosomes and non-homologous chromosomes?

• Homologous chromosomes are identical, while non-homologous chromosomes are different.

• Homologous chromosomes contain the same gene loci, while non-homologous chromosomes contain different gene loci.

• Homologous chromosomes are only found in prokaryotes, while non-homologous chromosomes are only found in eukaryotes.

• Homologous chromosomes are involved in mitosis, while non-homologous chromosomes are involved in meiosis.

What is endoreduplication?

• A process where the entire chromosome acts as the centromere

• A process where chromosomes are compacted into nucleosomes

• A process where the chromosome number is reduced by half

• A process where DNA replication occurs without subsequent cell division

What is polyploidy?

• A process where chromosomes are compacted into nucleosomes

• A process where the chromosome number is reduced by half

• A process where the entire chromosome acts as the centromere

• A process where an organism has multiple sets of chromosomes

Which of the following types of chromatin is more loosely packed and contains genes that are being actively transcribed?

• Heterochromatin

• Satellite DNA

• Euchromatin

• Telomeres