Ecological Relationship 13A

In an experiment, two plants are grown together for a time and then separated. Plant 2 is a parasite of Plant 1.

Which graph predicts the growth of Plant 1 and Plant 2 during the experiment.

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Which of these best demonstrates mutualism between certain types of bacteria and humans?

• Intestinal bacteria obtain nutrients from the gut and produce vitamin K used by humans.

• Bacteria become resistant to antibacterial medication that humans use for treatment.

• Invasive bacteria at an area of injury produce toxins that damage healthy tissues of human body.

• Bacteria in improperly prepared food is consumed by humans, causing food poisoning.

A remora is a fish that has an adhesive disk on the back of its head that uses to attach itself to a large shark. When food floats away from the shark’s mouth as it feeds, the remora collects the scraps. Drawings of a shark with a remora attached and a remora’s adhesive disk are shown.

The relationship between the remora and the shark is a example of:

• Predation

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Competition

The defenses of two flightless birds that live in different habitats are shown.

How do the wings of the Gentoo penguin and the legs of the common ostrich provide an advantage in the habitat?

• Allows them to find prey.

• Allows them to escape from predators.

• Allows them to control their body temperature.

• Allows them to be camouflaged in their environments.

Name the different types of symbiotic relationship and give an example for each one: