Week 10 Vocabulary

Also known as a twisted ladder. Describes the shape of DNA. DNA has 2 strands that wind around one another to make the shape we call a twisted ladder

• Double Helix

• Nitrogenous base

• Classification

• Speciation

One of three parts of a nucleotide- the building blocks of DNA. Nitrogenous bases are the piece of DNA that change- provides genetic diversity across individuals and species

• DNA Replication

• Nitrogenous base

• Classification

• Speciation

The system used to organize creatures by common traits. Here are the categories: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. They are ordered from broadest to most specific. There are only 3 Domains, meaning that humans are in the same Domain as single celled algae. Species is the most specific, humans are only organisms in the Species Sapien

• DNA Replication

• Cell differentiation

• Classification

• Speciation

The process organisms go through over time to develop new species- part of the evolution process

• DNA Replication

• Cell differentiation

• Binomial Nomenclature

• Speciation

S phase, Interphase; When DNA or Chromosomes are replicated so that the daughter cells receive the correct amount of information: Semiconservative

• DNA Replication

• Cell differentiation

• Binomial Nomenclature

• Dichotomous keys

The process of “baby” cells (stem cells) expressing specific traits to become specialized, or take on a specific job

• Evolutionary Relationships

• Cell differentiation

• Binomial Nomenclature

• Dichotomous keys

Bi(2)nom(name)ial Nom(name)enclature. It literally means calling an organism by its genus and species name. Ex: Humans are Homo sapiens

• Evolutionary Relationships

• Scientific Name

• Binomial Nomenclature

• Dichotomous keys

A tool used by scientists to help identify similar organisms by asking if/then questions (If _____ is true, then go to number 1. If ___ is false, go to 2.)

• Evolutionary Relationships

• Scientific Name

• 8 levels of taxonomy

• Dichotomous keys

Patterns of descent of organisms; the relationships organisms have through time

• Evolutionary Relationships

• Scientific Name

• 8 levels of taxonomy

• Ribosome

Universal names for a particular species. Includes Genus and Species in Latin or Greek. Example for humans is Homo sapiens

• Enzyme

• Scientific Name

• 8 levels of taxonomy

• Ribosome