Natural Selection

Which of these best describes artificial selection?

• Snowshoe hares that turn white in winter hide better from predators.

• Jamie saved seeds from a unique flower to plant the next spring.

• Deer with the largest antlers attract the most mates.

Which statement best describes how Darwin thought about Earth after his voyage on the H.M.S. Beagle?

• Earth remains the same, but the organisms on it change slowly.

• Earth and the organisms on it change slowly over time.

• Earth and the organisms on it remain the same as they always were.

Match each scientist to the new idea they introduced to Darwin.

• Malthus

• Geologic processes gradually changed the shape of Earth's surface.

• Lamarck

• Humans compete for resources

• Lyell

• Organisms pass acquired characteristics on to offspring

• Hutton

• Earth is very old

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Which of these organisms has the highest biological fitness?

• a marathon runner with no children

• a squirrel that gives birth to three babies

• a maple tree that produces 3,000 seeds

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The photo was taken in a forest where most of the leaves are brown. A scientist moves several of these insects to a forest with mostly green leaves. Which statement best describes the insect in each environment

• The insect's color is a better adaptation in the green forest than the brown forest.

• The insect's color is a better adaptation in the brown forest than the green forest.

• The insect's color is adapted equally well to both the brown and green forests.

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Which graph shows disruptive selection?

• A

• B

• C

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How are genes and traits related to one another?

• raits change an organism's genes.

• Genes and traits are both words for the same thing.

• Genes contain DNA that codes for traits.

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Which of these does evolution affect the most?

• gene pool

• appearance of new traits

• organisms

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Which of these contributes to evolution?

• Some organisms have higher fitness than others.

• Organisms share resources equally with one another.

• All organisms have the same traits.

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