Chapter 15 Darwin's Theory of Evolution Vocab

Evolution

• aka change over time is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.

• a well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world

• preserved remains of ancient organisms

• the process by which humans intentionally select and breed organisms with desirable traits to create offspring with those same traits.

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Theory

• a well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world

• the process by which humans intentionally select and breed organisms with desirable traits to create offspring with those same traits.

• refers to the differences in traits or characteristics passed down from parents to their offspring through their genes.

• the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its environment

preserved remains of ancient organisms

• Variation

• Struggle for existence

• Fossils

• Fitness

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Artificial selection

• individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce while those who are not suited for survival die

• refers to the differences in traits or characteristics passed down from parents to their offspring through their genes.

• means that members of a species regularly compete to obtain food, living species, and other necessities of life

• the process by which humans intentionally select and breed organisms with desirable traits to create offspring with those same traits.

refers to the differences in traits or characteristics passed down from parents to their offspring through their genes.

• Inherited Variation

• Struggle for existence

• Adaptation

• Survival of the fittest

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means that members of a species regularly compete to obtain food, living species, and other necessities of life

• Inherited Variation

• Struggle for existence

• Fitness

• Paleontology

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Fitness

• any inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival

• the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing their advantageous traits on to their offspring.

• the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its environment

• a principle that refers to all species living and extinct were derived from common ancestors

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any inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival

• Inherited Variation

• Common Descent

• Descent with modification

• Adaptation

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Natural selection

• individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce while those who are not suited for survival die

• the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing their advantageous traits on to their offspring. This leads to changes in the characteristics of a population over time, as less adapted individuals are less likely to survive and reproduce.

• -darwin proposed that over time, natural selection produces organisms that have different structures that establish different niches or occupy different habitats. As a result species today look different from their ancestors and each living species has descended with changes from other species over time

• the study of fossils; the idea was developed by french scientist Georges Cuvier

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Descent with modification

• the process by which humans intentionally select and breed organisms with desirable traits to create offspring with those same traits.

• Darwin proposed that over time, natural selection produces organisms that have different structures that establish different niches or occupy different habitats. As a result species today look different from their ancestors and each living species has descended with changes from other species over time

• refers to the differences in traits or characteristics passed down from parents to their offspring through their genes.

• means that members of a species regularly compete to obtain food, living species, and other necessities of life

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