NURS 2020 - perfusion

A 75-year-old patient will be undergoing a mitral valve replacement for severe mitral stenosis. When reviewing the patient's chart, which of these infectious diseases would likely be present in this patient's history?

• Meningitis

• Rheumatic fever

• Rheumatoid arthritis

• Haemophilus influenzae

You are doing discharge teaching with a patient diagnosed with HF. What would you teach this patient to doto assess fluid balance?

• Assess radial pulse

• Monitor BP daily

• Daily weights

• Monitor bowel movements

Answer explanation

Rationale: To monitor fluid balance at home, daily weights at the same time every day can be a good indicator of fluid balance. Assessing radial pulses and monitoring the blood pressure may be done, but they do not provide information about fluid balance

A patient has severe aortic stenosis. When assessing the patient, which of these findings would be expected? Select all that apply

• Pulmonary edema

• Dyspnea on exertion

• Dizziness

• diastolic murmur

• Angina

A patient has been diagnosed with aortic regurgitation. Which of these patient-reported symptoms requires the healthcare provider's immediate intervention?

• Chest pain

• Palpitations

• Dyspnea on exertion

• fatigue

Answer explanation

All the other responses are findings for aortic regurgitation. even if some of the symptoms are seen with the worsening of the disorder. Chest pain requires immediate intervention. Possibility of cardiac muscle death.

A patient who had a mitral valve replacement with a prosthetic mechanical valve and is ready for discharge home. Which information should the healthcare provider include in the discharge teaching for this patient? Select all that apply.

• "Your valve will need to be replaced after 10 years."

• "If you plan to become pregnant, be sure to consult your healthcare provider."

• "You may need to take an antibiotic before certain medical or dental procedures."

• "You will need to come in regularly for coagulation studies."

• "Call our office immediately if you experience an infection of any kind."

You need to administer furosemide (Lasix) 2 mg/minute via continuous IV infusion on a controller. Pharmacy has sent a bag of Lasix 400 mg diluted in D5W 250 mL. How many milliliters per hour will you set on the controller?

A patient has a vegetative growth on the mitral valve which has caused the valve to become stenotic. This increases the risk of which of the following problems? Select all that apply.

• Atrial fibrillation

• Decreased peripheral pulses

• Stroke

• Orthopnea

• Dry cough

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of right-sided heart failure?

• Crackles

• Weight gain

• Orthopnea

• persistent cough

A client is learning about a​ low-sodium diet due to heart failure. Which food does the client select for lunch to demonstrate an understanding of a​ low-sodium diet?

• Turkey sandwich

• Ham sadwich

• Hot dog

• Canned soup

An​ 86-year-old man visits the clinic and asks about risk factors for heart disease. Which modifiable risk factors would the nurse discuss with this​ client? Select all that​ apply.

• Sedentary lifestyle

• Ethnicity

• Gender

• Stress

• Tobacco use