Labce questions that confused me

In Blood banking, THE Direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is used in the investigation of which of the following clinical conditions?

1.Hemolytic Disease of a newborn

2. IgA deficiency

3. Hemolytic Transfusion reaction

4. Zika Virus Infection

• 1,2,3,4

• 1,2,3

• 1,3

• 2,4

Answer explanation

Th DAT test is used to detect in vivo sensitization of RBCS, so it is most useful in detecting conditions in which antigen-antibody interactions occur in a patients body.

The Predominant Cells seen on the CSF smear in this illustration are indicative of

• Normal

• Viral meningitis

• Bacterial meningitis

• Fungal infection

Answer explanation

If Intracellular Microorganisms in the CSF cytospin indicate a bacterial infection.

Viral meningitis is indicated by reactive lymphocytes.

Fungal and parasitic infections are indicated by an increase in lymphocytes.

The recommended storage temperature for the preservation of activity for most enzymes is

• 0c

• 4c

• 25c

• 37c

Answer explanation

Refrigerated temperatures, those close to 4c are recommended to preserve most enzyme activity in a patient sample. Repeated freezing and thawing should be avoided as this may denature the enzyme and inactivate its functions

Following a myocardial infarction ( Heart attack) which of the following enzymes will be the first to become elevated

• CK

• LDH

• Troponin

• ALT

Answer explanation

CK rises before LDH and troponin.

ALT is elevated in liver disorders.

A CSF specimen was sent to the lab for analysis. A glucose, protein, and cell count were preformed based on the following results, what would be the probable cause?

Reference range 45-100 (Glucose) 15-50 (protein) 0-5cells/mm(leukocytes)

Result

Glucose 50

Protein 60

Leukocytes 80 cells/mm^3

• Normal

• Viral infection

• Purulent (Pus) infection

• Fungal infection

Answer explanation

Normal reference is given

Viral infections

Normal glucose

elevated protein

average count of 80 cells/mm

Purulent

Low gluecose

high protein >100

high leukocyte avaerage(800)

Fungi

Glucose low to normal

protein is >50

leukocyte around 100 average

Why is Rh immune globulin( Rhogam) administered within 72 hours of delivery to an Rh negative mother if the newborn is D Pos or weak D pos?

• Prevent future children from producing antibodies.

• Prevent fetal cells from initially sensitizing the mother.

• Prevent antibody response in a previously sensitized mother.

• Neutralize any natural maternal antibodies present.

Answer explanation

If the mother is exposed to D positive cells while being Rh NEG than she can sensitize herself and create Anti-D which can cause complications for the next child.

Which of the following conditions is associated with the Epstein-Barr Virus?

• Measles

• Mumps

• Burkitt's lymphoma

• Chicken Pox

Answer explanation

Epstein-Barr virus is usually associated with infectious mononucleosis, it can cause cancer such as Burkitt's lymphoma.

Burkitt's lymphoma is also associated with HIV

Complaints of pain from a patient with sickle cell disease are most likely associated with which of the following conditions/events?

• Hemolytic anemia

• Infection

• Vaso-occlusive crisis

• Aplastic crisis

Answer explanation

Pain is a warning sign of vaso-occlusion and life threatening complications

Which of the following infectious agents represents the greatest risk to the laboratory worker?

• AIDS

• Meningitis

• Hepatitis

• Influenza

Answer explanation

While AIDS is more serious health threat, Hepatitis is far more prevalent and therefore represents a greater overall risk.

Meningitis is not as contagious as the flu or common cold.

Influenza vaccinations are required and so the risk is lowered.

The Direct Antiglobulin test ( DAT) is used to detect:

• Antibodies sensitizing red cells

• antibodies in the plasma

• Antigens coating red cells

• Antigens in the plasma

Answer explanation

The DAT is used to detect antibodies sensitizing RBC's in vivo.