Momentum and Impulse

The momentum of an object depends upon the object's ___________&_____________.

• size and shape

• mass and speed

• mass and veloctiy

• mass and energy

Answer explanation

The momentum of an object is defined as the product of its mass and velocity. Therefore, the correct answer is 'mass and velocity', as both factors directly influence the momentum.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Which one of the following units represents the standard metric units of momentum

• Newtons * meter / second

• Kilograms * meter / second²

• meter / second

• Kilograms * meter / second

Answer explanation

Momentum is defined as mass times velocity. The standard metric unit for mass is kilograms and for velocity is meters per second. Therefore, the correct unit for momentum is kilograms * meter / second.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Which one of the following units represents the standard metric units of impulse

• Kilograms * meter / second²

• Newton * meter

• meter / second²

• Newton * second

Answer explanation

Impulse is defined as the change in momentum and is measured in Newton-seconds (N·s). Therefore, the correct unit representing impulse in the metric system is Newton * second.

The law of conservation of momentum states that, 

• p before is less than p after

• p before is the same as p after

• p before is more than p after

Answer explanation

The law of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum before an event (p before) is equal to the total momentum after the event (p after). Therefore, the correct choice is that p before is the same as p after.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

When the speed of an object is doubled, its momentum

• remains unchanged in accord with the conservation of momentum.

• doubles

• quadruples

• decreases

Answer explanation

Momentum is calculated as the product of mass and velocity. When the speed of an object is doubled, its momentum also doubles, since momentum is directly proportional to speed.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

An object that has momentum can be described as _________

• a) changing its velocity

• b) moving fast

• c) resisting changes in its state of motion

• d) having its mass in motion

• e) encountering a net force

Answer explanation

An object with momentum is defined as having mass in motion. This means it possesses both mass and velocity, making option d) the correct choice. The other options do not accurately describe momentum.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Softer landings tend to

• increase impact force

• increase force

• increase collision time

• increase change in momentum

Answer explanation

Softer landings increase collision time by allowing the object to decelerate more gradually. This reduces the impact force and allows for a smoother transition, thus increasing the time over which momentum changes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-3

In any collision (crash) the ______ is ALWAYS constant.

• Total Momentum

• total speed

• total Velocity

• Energy

Answer explanation

In any collision, the total momentum is always conserved, meaning it remains constant before and after the crash. This principle is fundamental in physics, unlike total speed, velocity, or energy, which can change.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Which takes more force  to catch, a bowling ball or a ping pong ball?

• bowling ball because it has more momentum

• ping pong ball because it has more momentum

• both require the same amount of force when catching

• bowling ball because it has less momentum

Answer explanation

A bowling ball has more mass and therefore more momentum than a ping pong ball when both are moving at the same speed. This greater momentum requires more force to catch the bowling ball.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

Which one of these objects has the greater amount of momentum?

• A turtle that slowly crosses a road

• A parked car

• A stop sign

Answer explanation

Momentum is the product of mass and velocity. The turtle, despite moving slowly, has momentum due to its mass and motion. The parked car and stop sign have no momentum since they are stationary.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2