Spring Science Benchmark Review

#12. LOOK AT THE IMAGE

• It will have more kinetic energy at the end of the ramp.

• It will have more kinetic energy at the end of the ramp.

• It will have less kinetic energy at the end of the ramp.

• It will have less kinetic energy at the end of the ramp.

Answer explanation

As the object rolls down the ramp, it converts potential energy into kinetic energy. Therefore, it will have more kinetic energy at the end of the ramp.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

REMEMBER, TWO POSSIBLE EFFECTS!

• The land near the dam floods.

• The length of the river decreases.

• The size of the river changes.

• The heights of the mountains in the region decrease.

• The water flowing away from the dam increases.

Answer explanation

The correct answers highlight that the land near the dam floods due to water accumulation and that the size of the river changes as the dam alters water flow and storage, impacting the river's characteristics.

Coal is formed from the remains of plants covered by rocks and soil for millions of years and can be burned to produce energy. Soil and layers of rock are removed to uncover coal using diggers and bulldozers during a process called mining.

How does coal mining affect the environment?  

• Coal mining cleans the rivers in the area.

• Coal mining improves the health of the living things near the mine.

• Coal mining increases the amount of water in the rivers in the area

• Coal mining increases the amount of soil washed away when it rains.

Answer explanation

Coal mining disrupts the soil and vegetation, leading to increased erosion. This results in more soil being washed away during rain, negatively impacting the environment, making the correct answer about increased soil loss.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

Coal is formed from the remains of plants covered by rocks and soil for millions of years and can be burned to produce energy. Soil and layers of rock are removed to uncover coal using diggers and bulldozers during a process called mining.

When coal is burned at a power plant to make electricity, gases are given off, and ashes are formed.

Which statement about coal as an energy resource is correct?                     

• Coal is a renewable energy resource because it is formed from plants.

• Coal is a nonrenewable energy resource because it takes millions of years to form.

• Coal is a nonrenewable energy resource because it changes into ashes.

• Coal is a renewable energy resource because it burns without causing air pollution.

Answer explanation

Coal is a nonrenewable energy resource because it takes millions of years to form. Unlike renewable resources, which can be replenished quickly, coal formation is a lengthy geological process.

#20.

• Coyotes return to the forest. Coyotes eat both rabbits and snakes.

• Owls are reintroduced into the ecosystem. Owls eat rabbits.

• A new plant is introduced into the forest. It stops clover from growing and is not eaten by rabbits.

• A chemical is used to control pests. This chemical prevents the hawks from reproducing successfully.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights a chemical that disrupts hawk reproduction, impacting the ecosystem. This choice indicates a direct negative effect on a predator, which can lead to an imbalance in the food web.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

#22.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

The correct answer is C because it directly addresses the key concept of the question, providing the most accurate and relevant information compared to the other options.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

#26.

• lens A

• lens B

• lens C

• lens D

Answer explanation

Lens C is the correct choice because it has the optimal focal length and curvature to achieve the desired magnification and clarity, making it the best option among the lenses presented.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

#27

• caimans

• frogs

• insects

• monkeys

• ocelots

Answer explanation

Caimans and ocelots are both native to tropical regions and are part of the ecosystem, while frogs and insects are more widespread and monkeys are not typically found in the same habitats as caimans and ocelots.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Which of the following shows the layers of the Earth labeled correctly?

• A. crust

  B. inner core

  C. outer core

  D. mantle

• A. crust

  B. mantle

  C. outer core

  D. inner core

• A. inner core

  B. outer core

  C. mantle

  D. crust

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

• movement of the ball from O to P

• movement of the ball from O to N

• movement of the ball from N to M

• movement of the ball from M to N

• movement of the ball from P to O

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

NGSS.MS-PS3-2