Biology Chapter 20 and 21 Test Review

Do Eubacteria have cell walls made of peptidoglycan?

• Yes.

• No.

Answer explanation

Eubacteria, in Domain Bacteria, DO have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.

Do Archaebacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls?

• Yes

• No

Answer explanation

Archaebacteria do NOT have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.

What are the three characteristics used to classify prokaryotes? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

• The compounds that make up their structure (like peptidyglycan in cell wall).

• Size and shape

• How they capture energy and release energy.

• Whether or not they have a cell membrane.

Answer explanation

The three characteristics used to classify prokaryotes are:

1. The compounds that make up their structures (peptidoglycan in cell wall).

2. Size and shape.

3. How they capture energy and release energy.

Which of the following are roles of bacteria in the environment? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

• They perform photosynthesis.

• They are decomposers and recycle nutrients.

• They perform nitrogen fixation.

• They are eukaryotes.

Answer explanation

The roles that bacteria play in the environment are:

1. They perform photosynthesis.

2. They are decomposers and recycle nutrients.

3. They perform nitrogen fixation.

What type of bacteria is this?

• Cocci

• Bacilli

• Spirilla

• Club

Answer explanation

Cocci (singular: coccus) are spherical bacteria

What type of bacteria is this?

• Cocci

• Bacilli

• Spirilla

• Club

Answer explanation

Bacilla (singular: bacillus) bacteria are rod shaped.

What type of bacteria is this?

• Cocci

• Bacillus

• Spirilla

• Club

Answer explanation

Spirilla (singular: spirillum) bacteria are spiral or corkscrew shaped.

How is E. coli classified?

• Kingdom Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria

• Kingdom Eubacteria in Domain Archaea

• Kingdom Archaebacteria in Domain Bacteria

• Kingdom Archaebacteria in Domain Archaea

Answer explanation

E.coli is a prokaryote with a cell wall containing peptidoglycan. It would be classified in Kingdom Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria.

Which of the following best explains how bacteria recycle in nature?

• They perform photosynthesis.

• They have a cell wall containing peptidoglycan.

• They are decomposers that break down nutrients in dead matter.

• They are disease causing agents.

Answer explanation

Bacteia are decomposers. They break down nutrients in dead matter into raw materials that other organisms can use. This is how they recycle in nature.

Which terms is best defined as disease causing agents, including bacteria and viruses?

• Disinfectants

• Antibiotics

• Prions

• Pathogens

Answer explanation

Pathogens are disease causing agents, including bacteria and viruses.