Systems & Interactions (Unit 9) Practice Test

Which statement best describes an interaction between the muscular system and the respiratory system?

• The hormone adrenaline causes blood vessels to contract and send more blood to major muscles.

• Metabolic wastes generated by muscle cells are eliminated in urine.

• The diaphragm contracts causing the chest cavity to expand, which draws air into the lungs.

• Nutrients absorbed in the small intestine are transported in blood to the brain.

When a person is suddenly cut by a sharp object, a nervous impulse is sent along a sensory neuron to the spinal cord. The impulse is immediately transmitted through motor neurons to produce a response. Which of the following correctly identifies and describes this response?

• It is a reflex response that causes various muscles to contract in order to move away from the object.

• It is a learned response that does not occur in infants or small children.

• It is a conditioned response that occurs only to prevent injury.

• It is a conditioned response that occurs only to prevent injury.It is a voluntary response that is initiated only after the impulse has been carried to the relevant area in the braiin.

Coracias garrulus is a blue bird with an orange-brown back. The offspring of this bird have an effective defense mechanism. The young birds vomit and cover themselves in a foul-smelling orange liquid when they sense a threat by predators. Which two systems alert the young bird to the danger and help produce the vomit it uses as a defense?

• Nervous and digestive systems

• Integumentary and muscular systems

• Immune and respiratory systems

• Excretory and reproductive systems

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

The fuzzy millipede, Polyxenus fasciculatus, is found in Texas and is preyed upon by most species of ants. To protect itself against the ants, it ejects fibers from a tuft located at the tail end of its body. The tufts have hooks at the tips and barbs along their length that lock and interlink with the ant's setae, small hairs that cover the body of the ant. When an ant attacks, the millipede flexes its back end toward the ant and wipes the tufts against it. As the ant attempts to remove the tufts, it entangles itself more, becoming immobilized. Which two systems most directly interact in the fuzzy millipede's defense against ants?

SELECT 2 ANSWERS!

• Muscular

• Integumentary

• Immune

• Endocrine

The outermost layer of plant stems in dicotyledons consists of epidermal cells and guard cells that surround openings called stomata. The epidermal cells are usually covered with a waterproof layer that provides protection from injury and water loss. The stomata allow gas exchange. The epidermal cells and stomata have functions similar to those of which two human body systems?

• Skeletal and respiratory systems

• Integumentary and respiratory systems

• Cardiovascular and skeletal systems

• Cardiovascular and integumentary systems

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

The diagram shows the reproductive system of a plant. Which of the following best describes the interaction that occurs between a plant's reproductive parts during self-fertilization?

• Pollen is released from the anther and is transferred to the stigma. A pollen tube forms and grows through the style. The pollen tube reaches the filament, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.

• Pollen is released from the stigma and is transferred to the anther. A pollen tube grows down from the anther through the filament and fuses with the ovule, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.

• Pollen moves from the ovule up through the style and is released from the stigma. The pollen is transferred to the anther, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.

• Pollen is released from the anther and is transferred to the stigma. A pollen tube forms and grows through the style. The pollen tube reaches an ovule within the ovary, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.

Invasive plant species affect the interactions of living and nonliving components of an ecosystem, so the removal of invasive plants is often necessary. The goal of most plant-control methods is to disrupt or inhibit the function of different plant systems. For example, insects can be used to chew through roots in order to reduce a plant's ability to absorb water.

Which of these functions would be most immediately affected by a reduction in water uptake by roots?

• Disease resistance

• Photosynthesis

• Sunlight absorption

• Seed dispersal

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Cytokinins are a class of plant hormones that help regulate growth by promoting cell division. Cytokinins are produced mainly in meristematic tissue, where most plant growth occurs. Which system carries cytokinins produced in the roots to the rest of the plant?

• Vascular system

• Dermal system

• Reproductive system

• None of these

A table of four types of carbohydrates is shown. Which list correctly matches the functions to the types of carbohydrates?

• Energy: cellulose and chitin

  Structure: glycogen and starch

• Energy: chitin and glycogen

  Structure: cellulose and starch

• Energy: cellulose and starch

  Structure: chitin and glycogen

• Energy: glycogen and starch

  Structure: cellulose and chitin

Proteins and polysaccharides are polymers. These polymers are formed by dehydration synthesis. Which statement correctly identifies a difference in the structure of proteins and polysaccharides?

• Only polysaccharides are comprised of repeating units of cytosine, adenine, guanine, and thymine.

• Only proteins are formed from amino acids joined by peptide bonds.

• Only polysaccharides can be folded and twisted to very specific shapes.

• Only proteins can be large molecules with thousands of subunits.