Intro to Psychology Exam 2

"Eat apple!" is an example of what kind of speech?

• Babbling

• Telegraphic

• Holophrastic

• Multi-word

Answer explanation

Babbling: making noises and syllables that aren’t yet words

Telegraphic: can form two-word sentences

Holophrastic: can say single words that describe objects or identify their basic needs

Multi-word: can build increasingly complex sentences that allow them to better communicate their ideas

Biting, hitting, or pushing are examples of what kind of behaviors?

• Territorial

• Predatory

• Fear-induced

• Agonistic

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Males exhibit _____ aggression

Females exhibit _____ aggression

Salivation due to food is called what?

• Conditioned response

• Unconditioned response

Answer explanation

A conditioned response is an automatic response established by training to a neutral stimulus.

An unconditioned response is a response that is reflexive (a reflex) and involuntary in nature.

Shaping = what type of conditioning?

• Classical Conditioning

• Operant Conditioning

Answer explanation

Classical conditioning: behaviors that are learned by connecting a neutral stimulus with a positive one (ex: Pavlov's dogs hearing a bell (neutral) and expecting food (positive))

Operant conditioning: a method of learning that uses rewards and punishments to modify behavior

If Skinner = Shaping, then Bandura = what?

What's another word for "sound with meaning"?

• Phoneme

• Grapheme

• Syllable

• Morpheme

Answer explanation

Phoneme: distinct units of sound in a specified language that distinguish one word from another

Grapheme: a written symbol that represents a phoneme (sound); the letters that form a phoneme

Syllable: unit of pronunciation that has one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or part of a word

Morpheme: a unit of sound that is meaningful (has meaning) and cannot be further divided

What is attraction to women called?

• Gynephilic

• Androphilic

• Hybristophilic

• Gerontophilic

Answer explanation

Gynephilic: attraction to women/femininity

Androphilic: attraction to men/masculinity

Hybristophilic: attraction to criminals

Gerontophilic: attraction to the elderly

What are "appropriate" behaviors for men and women?

• Social norms

• Gender roles

• Cultural norms

• None of the Above

Answer explanation

Social norms: informal rules that govern behavior in groups and societies

Gender roles: behavior considered "appropriate" for a particular gender as determined by the cultural norms of a group/society

Cultural norms: rules or expectations of behavior and thoughts based on shared beliefs within a specific cultural or social group