Influences of Weather and Climate V1

What is one way oceans influence life on Earth?

• Oceans produce massive amounts of greenhouse gases

• Ocean currents create new land masses

• Ocean temperatures regulate Earth's climate and weather

Answer explanation

Ocean currents help distribute energy by transporting warm water (energy) from the equator to the poles and cool water from the poles back to the equator. This helps regulate Earths temperatures.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

0 degree line of latitude (a)  

• Equator
• Prime Meridian
• Tropic of Cancer
• Tropic of Capricorn

23.5 degrees North (a)  

• Equator
• Arctic Circle
• Tropic of Capricorn
• Tropic of Cancer

23.5 degrees South (a)  

• Equator
• Antarctic Circle
• Tropic of Cancer
• Tropic of Capricorn

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Which best describes the low latitudes?

• Hot year-round with some areas of great humidity and some areas that are arid

• Cold year-round with frozen ground and ice

• Temperate, with varying temperatures that are more mild, and 4 seasons

• Latitude has no effect on climate

Answer explanation

Low latitudes, latitudes closer to 0 degrees, are closer to the equator. The equator gets more DIRECT sunlight year round and therefore would experience warmer temperatures.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which best describes the high latitudes?

• Hot year-round with some areas of great humidity and some areas that are arid

• Cold year-round with frozen ground and ice

• Temperate, with varying temperatures that are more mild, and 4 seasons

• Latitude has no effect on climate

Answer explanation

High latitudes, latitudes closer to 90 degrees N or S, are closer Earths poles. Therefore they receive LESS DIRECT sunlight year round.

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Which of the following have an effect on climate? Select all that apply.

• Latitude

• Winds

• Elevation

• Proximity to water/ocean currents

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Lines run horizontally and are measured in degrees north or south.

• Longitude

• Latitude

• Altitude

• Prime Meridian

Answer explanation

Latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the Earth's surface relative to the equator. It is measured in degrees, with the equator defined as 0 degrees latitude, the North Pole as 90 degrees north latitude, and the South Pole as 90 degrees south latitude. The latitude of a location indicates its angular distance north or south of the equator, helping to determine the region's climate, daylight length, and overall position on the globe.

Lines run vertically and measure degrees East and West on the globe (a)  

• Longitude
• Latitude
• Altitude
• Equator

Answer explanation

Longitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east-west position of a point on the Earth's surface relative to the Prime Meridian. It is measured in degrees, with the Prime Meridian located at 0 degrees longitude and extending eastward to 180 degrees longitude and westward to -180 degrees longitude. The longitude of a location indicates its angular distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, helping to determine its time zone, navigation, and overall position on the globe in conjunction with latitude.

What type of climate can I expect to have if I live right along a coast?

• More constant temperature and precipitation year-round

• Hot summers and cold winters

• Warmer than normal areas

• Colder than surrounding areas

Answer explanation

Ocean currents and large bodies of water help regulate the temperatures of coastal regions. Coastal maritime climates, also known as maritime climates or oceanic climates, refer to a type of climate influenced significantly by proximity to large bodies of water such as oceans or seas. These climates are characterized by relatively mild temperatures, moderate seasonal variations, and high humidity levels throughout the year.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6