15.2b and 15.3: Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

All the genes in both a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell are expressed at the same time.

• True

• False

Prokaryotes regulate gene expression primarily

• in order to maintain homeostasis

• in response to changing environmental conditions

• during development as cells specialize

• Prokaryotes do not regulate gene expression. All genes are always on.

One way to regulate the expression of a gene is to control the formation of mRNA. This is called ___ control.

• transcriptional

• translational

• post-transcriptional

• post-translational

In order for a gene to be expressed, ___ must bind to the gene's ___, a specific sequence of nucleotides at one end of the gene, thus initiating transcription.

• DNA polymerase, promotor

• DNA polymerase, operator

• RNA polymerase, promotor

• RNA polymerase, operator

Which of the following is/are similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression?

• both use proteins to interact with the DNA to control gene expression

• both have histones complexed with their DNA

• both separate the processes of transcription and translation spatially

• all of the above

___ are DNA sequences which are often located far from the genes they regulate in eukaryotes where transcription activators can bind.

• histones

• promotors

• enhancers

Which of the following are types of post-transcriptional control of genes in eukaryotes?

• alternative RNA splicing or processing

• gene silencing through RNA interference

• destruction of ubiquitin tagged proteins

• all of the above

In eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the regulatory region for transcription are called ____________.

• transcription factors
• topoisomerase
• regulatory genes
• activators

A mutation within the promoter region has occurred. What would potentially happen to transcription rate?

• Mutated promoters decrease the rate of transcription.

• Mutated promoters increase the rate of transcription.

• Mutated promoters can increase or decrease the rate of transcription.

• Mutated promoters cease transcription of the adjacent gene.

Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly because they

• express different genes.

• contain different genes.

• use different genetic codes.

• have unique ribosomes