AP comp sci test 10

The developers of a music-streaming application are updating the algorithm they use to recommend music to listeners. Which of the following strategies is LEAST likely to introduce bias into the application?

• Making recommendations based on listening data gathered from a random sample of users of the application

• Making recommendations based on the most frequently played songs on a local radio station

• Making recommendations based on the music tastes of the developers of the application

• Making recommendations based on a survey that is sent out to the 1,000 most active users of the application

MeeReader is an e-reading application that allows users to download and read books and articles on a device. Each user creates a profile with the following personal preferences.

Screen brightness and contrast

Choice of typeface and font size

Amount of spacing between lines of text

Activation of a text-to-speech feature that reads the text out loud

When the user launches the application, the application scans the user’s face and uses facial recognition software to determine the user’s identity. Once the user has been identified, the user’s personal preferences are applied to whatever book or article the user chooses to read.

The application stores all user information in a database, including personal preferences and a record of previously read books and articles.

From the perspective of the application’s developers, which of the following is most likely to be a benefit of storing all user data in a database?

• The developers can analyze the data to make improvements to the application based on user behavior.

• The developers can analyze the data to ensure that no patterns emerge in the data.

• The developers can reduce the amount of data storage required to support the application.

• The developers can reduce the need for data encryption.

A mobile game tracks players’ locations using GPS. The game offers special in-game items to players when they visit real-world points of interest. Which of the following best explains how bias could occur in the game?

• Points of interest may be more densely located in cities, favoring players in urban areas over players in rural areas.

• Some players may engage in trespassing, favoring players in urban areas over players in rural areas.

• Special items may not be useful to all players, favoring players in urban areas over players in rural areas.

• Weather conditions may be unpredictable, favoring players in urban areas over players in rural areas.

A software company is designing a mobile game system that should be able to recognize the faces of people who are playing the game and automatically load their profiles. Which of the following actions is most likely to reduce the possibility of bias in the system?

• Testing the system with members of the software company’s staff

• Testing the system with people of different ages, genders, and ethnicities

• Testing the system to make sure that the rules of the game are clearly explained

• Testing the system to make sure that players cannot create multiple profiles

A photographer stores digital photographs on her computer. In this case the photographs are considered the data. Each photograph also includes multiple pieces of metadata including:

Date: The date the photograph was taken

Time: The time the photograph was taken

Location: The location where the photograph was taken

Device: Which camera the photo was taken with

Which of the following could the photographer NOT do based on this metadata?

• Filter photos to those taken in the last week

• Filter photos to those taken in a particular country

• Filter photos to those taken of buildings

• Filter photos to those taken with her favorite camera

This question refers to the same collection of photos and their metadata described in the previous question.

Due to a computer error, the Time metadata for all of the photographs is accidentally set to the same time of day. The other pieces of metadata and the data itself are not affected by the error. Which of the following is MOST likely to be the result of this problem?

• The photographer will not be able to view any of the images

• The photographer will not be able to sort images by the date they were taken

• The photographer will not be able to filter to photographs taken in the morning

• The photographer will not be able to find images taken on the same date

The next three questions all refer to the same dataset described below.

A school is conducting a survey of students to learn more about how they get to school. Students were asked how they travel to school, how long it takes them to get to school, what time they arrive at school, and for a description of their most significant challenges when traveling to school. Several rows of the data collected are shown in the table below.

Which column is data that will likely be most difficult to visualize or analyze?

• How Travel

• How long

• time arrive

• biggest challenges

This question refers to the same table of data described above.

Which column of data might be able to be visualized or analyzed but first would need to be cleaned?

• How Travel

• How Long

• Time Arrive

• Biggest Challenges

This question refers to the same table of data described above.

Which information could likely NOT be found with the data collected?

• Whether students who are new to the school take longer to get to school than other students

• The average time it takes students to get to school

• The most common travel mode students use to get to school

• Whether students who arrive to school later take longer to get to school

The chart above shows the frequency of searches for the words "pencil" and "pen" over a 5 year period. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the chart above?

• Pens are a better writing tool than pencils

• More people use pens than pencils

• The number of pens sold has increased slowly over time

• At any point in time there are typically more people searching for the word "pen" than "pencil"