History and Physical Features of Europe

-Started around 753 BC by Romulus 

-Conquered surrounding regions until it reached its greatest expanse around 117 AD

• Roman Empire

• Ottoman Empire

• Holy Roman Empire

• Spanish Empire

Western Europe broke down into small, hostile, separate kingdoms. Learning, science, and technology stopped. The one unifying force remaining was the Catholic church, led by increasingly politically strong 

Popes.

• The Renaissance

• The Crusades

• The Middle Ages

• The Age of Revolution

Began in Italian city-states like Venice, Genoa and Milan.

Rich families would pay (“patronize”) talented artists to create works of art to show off their wealth. Famous artists included daVinci and Michelangelo. Started a period of study in science and nature, and a time of invention.

• The Renaissance

• The Crusades

• The Middle Ages

• The Age of Revolution

Military alliance between the majority of European Nations, Canada, and the United States.

• Warsaw Pact

• European Union

• NATO

• Eastern Block

(1939-1945)

-Allies: Great Britain, Russia, and the United States

-Axis Powers: Germany, Japan, and Italy

-Began with the invasion of Poland by Germany

• WWI

• WWII

• The Bosnian War

• The Cold War

-The U.S. tried to spread democracy and capitalism across the world

-Soviet Union took over Eastern Europe and spread communism

-Tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union remained high until the late 1980's

• WWI

• WWII

• The Bosnian War

• The Cold War

-From 1096 to 1291, Catholic Popes in Rome tried to retake the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from the Muslims, and to unite the warring kingdoms of Europe against a common enemy (Islam)

-Led to an increase in trade between Europe and Asia

• The Renaissance

• The Crusades

• The Middle Ages

• The Age of Revolution

• Mediterranean Sea

• Baltic Sea

• North Sea

• Adriatic Seas

• Mediterranean Sea

• Baltic Sea

• North Sea

• Adriatic Seas

• Mediterranean Sea

• Baltic Sea

• North Sea

• Adriatic Sea