Crusades

What event in 1095 led Pope Urban II to call Christians to a religious war?

• The Byzantine emperor asked for help.
• The Seljuk Turks sent ships to attack Rome.
• Vikings attacked parts of Europe from the north.
• Charlemagne asked to be crowned Holy Roman emperor.

What was the overall purpose of Christians in the Crusades?

• to gain control of Jerusalem
  
• to open a trade route to China
  
• to learn about Muslim innovations
• to capture Palestine from the Jews

How did Sal-al-Din change conditions in the Middle East?

• He killed Richard I of England.
• He adopted a new policy of peace.
• He re-conquered most of Palestine
• He converted many Turks to Islam.

Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain used the Inquisition against Muslims and Jews who had become Christian. What were they accused of doing?

• mixing with true believers
• refusing to go on Crusade
• supporting the wrong pope
• practicing their old religion

How did the Crusades make European monarchs stronger?

• by taking nobles away to fight
• by decreasing the use of money
• by creating professional soldiers
• by weakening trust in the Church

What did Muslims lose as a result of the Reconquista?

• their armed forces
• their land in Spain
• their political unity
• their merchant wealth

What statement describes the effect of the Crusades on the Jews?

• Many of them tried to escape to Palestine.
• They were persecuted throughout Europe.
• They joined Christians to fight the Muslims.
• Their numbers grew as Christians converted.

Unlike the first three Crusades, some later Crusades were primarily movements of 

• A.armed priests and monks. 
• B.poor people and children. 
• C.Eastern Orthodox knights. 
• D.feudal nobles from France.

Who set up Christian kingdoms in Palestine and Syria in the early 1100s?

• English allies of the Turks

• winners of the First Crusade

• rulers of the Byzantine Empire

• Seljuks with a policy of tolerance

Why is Jerusalem holy to Muslims?

• they pray toward the city

• Gabriel instructed them to honor it

• Muhammad rose to heaven there

• It was the headquarters of the empire

• it was just holy, no other reason