Chapter 11 Review

What causes deformation of rock?

• Stress in the Earth's crust

• Changes in temperature

• Volcanic activity

• Changes in pressure

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

Match the following

• the change in shape or volume of a body of rock as a result of stress

• deformation

• the force per unit area acting on a solid

• stress

• term that refers to all changes in the original shape/size of a body of rock

• strain

What statements are true about rock deformation?

• Ductile deformation is strongly aided by high temperature and high confining pressure

• Small stresses applied over time play an important role in rock deformation

• The mineral composition and texture of a rock affects how it will deform

• Rocks near the surface usually undergo ductile deformation

True or False?

Because of accretion, deformed and thickened crust will undergo regional uplifting both during mountain building and for a long period afterward.

• True

• False

Match the following

• synclines

• large, step-like folds in otherwise horizontal sedimentary strata

• monoclines

• downfolds or troughs

• anticlines

• upfolding, or arching, of rock layers

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

Match the following

• Reverse fault

• Dominant displacement is along the trend, or strike, of the fault

• Thrust fault

• A hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall at a low horizontal angle

• Strike-slip fault

• a hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall

• Normal fault

• A hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall

Match the following

• the major force that forms folded mountains

• compressional forces

• the collection of processes that produce a mountain belt

• orogenesis

• mountains formed primarily by folding

• Folded mountains

Choose all examples of folded mountains.

• Appalichian Mountains

• Northern Rocky Mountains

• Teton Range (Wyoming)

• The Alps in Europe

What statements are true about fault-block mountains?

• Normal faulting occurs where tensional stresses cause the crust to be stretched

• Grabens produce an elongated valley bordered by horsts.

• The Appalachian Mountains are examples of fault-block mountains

• The Basin and Range region of Nevada, Utah and California is made of elongated grabens

When upwarping produces a circular or elongated structure, the feature is called a(n)

(a)  

• Dome
• Arch
• Basin
• Plateau

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1