NU 154 Week 1 part 2

While the nurse is washing the face of a patient in renal failure, the patient demonstrates a spasm of the lips and face. Which laboratory value corresponds with the nurse’s assessment findings?

• Potassium of 3.4 mEq/L

• Calcium of 7.9 mg/dL

• Sodium of 140 mEq/L

• Phosphorus of 2.8 mg/dL

The nurse is caring for a patient with a potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. The nurse should carefully monitor the patient for which potential problem?

• Excessive urinary output

• increased reflexes

• cardiac dysrhythmias

• hyperactive bowel sounds

Which statement demonstrates that the patient accurately understands the nurse’s teaching related to a low-sodium diet?

• “I’m going to eat a cheeseburger with extra ketchup.”

• “I’m going to eat my favorite avocado and orange salad.”

• “I’m looking forward to a tall glass of tomato juice.”

• “I can have all the dried fruits I want.”

The patient with long-term obstructive pulmonary disease has a pH of 7, HCO3– of 18 mEq/L, and a PaCO2 of 40 mm Hg. These laboratory values are consistent with which acid-base imbalance?

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic alkalosis

• Respiratory acidosis

• Metabolic acidosis

The patient who has had diarrhea for the last 3 days has blood gases of pH of 7.1, HCO3– of 20 mEq/L, and PCO2 of 36 mm Hg. These laboratory values are consistent with which acid-base imbalance?

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic alkalosis

• Respiratory acidosis

• Metabolic acidosis

The nurse is caring for a patient with metabolic acidosis. Which assessment finding reveals that the compensatory mechanism to correct this imbalance is in effect?

• Increased urinary output

• Reduced abdominal distention

• Kussmaul respirations

• Decreased blood pressure

The nurse is assessing a patient with renal failure and notes fatigue, muscle cramps, confusion, and headache. Which laboratory abnormality corresponds with these findings?

• Potassium of 3.3 mEq/L

• Sodium of 129 mEq/L

• Calcium of 8.2 mg/dL

• Chloride of 105 mEq/L

The nurse is caring for a patient that has a potassium level of 5.0. The nurse should carefully monitor the patient for which signs and symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

• Muscle weakness

• Cardiac dysrhythmias

• Muscle Decreased reflexes

• Urinary retention

• Hypotension