Cardiovascular - The heart

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3.1. A 53-year-old woman is found, by arteriography, to have 50% narrowing of her left renal artery. What is the expected change in blood flow through the stenotic artery?

• (A)  Decrease to 1⁄2

• (B)  Decrease to 1⁄4

• (C)  Decrease to 1⁄8

• (D)  Decrease to 1⁄16

• (E)  No change

3.2. When a person moves from a supine position to a standing position, which of the following compensatory changes occurs?

• (A)  Decreased heart rate

• (B)  Increased contractility

• (C)  Decreased total peripheral resistance

  ( TPR)

• (D)  Decreased cardiac output

• (E)  Increased PR intervals

3.3 At which site is systolic blood pressure the

highest?

• (A)  Aorta

• (B)  Central vein

• (C)  Pulmonary artery

• (D)  Right atrium

• (E)  Renal artery

3.3 At which site is systolic blood pressure the

highest?

• (A)  Renal vein

• (B)  Central vein

• (C)  Pulmonary artery

• (D)  Right atrium

• (E)  Renal artery

3.4. A person's electrocardiogram (ECG) has no P wave, but has a normal QRS complex and a normal T wave. Therefore, his pacemaker is located in the

• (A)  sinoatrial (SA) node

• (B)  atrioventricular (AV) node

• (C)  bundle of His

• (D)  Purkinje system

• (E)  ventricular muscle

3.5. If the ejection fraction increases, there will

be a decrease in

• (A)  cardiac output

• (B)  end-systolic volume

• (C)  heart rate

• (D) pulse pressure

• (E) stroke volume

3.5. If the ejection fraction increases, there will

be a decrease in

• (A) systolic pressure

• (B)  end-systolic volume

• (C)  heart rate

• (D) pulse pressure

• (E) stroke volume

3.6. An electrocardiogram (ECG) on a person shows ventricular extrasystoles.

The extrasystolic beat would produce

• (A)  increased pulse pressure because contractility is increased

• (B)  increased pulse pressure because heart rate is increased

• (C)  decreased pulse pressure because ventricular filling time is increased

• (D)  decreased pulse pressure because stroke volume is decreased

• (E)  decreased pulse pressure because the PR interval is increased

3.7. An electrocardiogram (ECG) on a person shows ventricular extrasystoles.

After an extrasystole, the next “normal” ventricular contraction produces

• (A)  increased pulse pressure because the contractility of the ventricle is increased

• (B)  increased pulse pressure because total peripheral resistance (TPR) is decreased

• (C)  increased pulse pressure because compliance of the veins is decreased

• (D)  decreased pulse pressure because the contractility of the ventricle is increased

• (E)  decreased pulse pressure because TPR is

  decreased