Period 1-2 Review

Spanish soldiers who were central to the conquest of the civilizations of the Americas. Once conquest was complete, they often extracted wealth from the people they came to rule.

• Proprietor

• Conquistadores

• Encomienda System

• Chinook

Companies formed when investors pooled their money together in exchange for a percentage of ownership on the company through stock. Such arraingements were used to fund England's early colonial efforts.

• Virginia Company

• Joint-Stock Companies

• Mission System

• Mestizos

Brutal transatlantic voyage of slaves endured between Africa and the American colonies.

• Mission System

• Encomienda System

• Middle Passage

• Columbian Exchange

Large and powerful confederation of Algonquin-speaking American Indians in Virginia

• Powhatan

• Chinook

• Iroquois

• Pueblo

The exchange of good, crops, and diseases between the Americas (New World) and Europe and Africa (Old World).

• Spanish Armada

• Mission System

• Columbian Exchange

• Pope's Rebellion

American Indian peoples who lived in present-day New Mexico and Arizona and built permanent multi-story adobe dwellings.

• Chinook

• Pueblo

• Algonquian

• Powhatan

North American Indians who lived in present-day Washington and Oregon; built extensive plank houses, lived in extended kinship groups; known for extensive trade networks

• Pueblo

• Chinook

• Powhatan

• Iroquois

Spanish government's policy to give Native Americans to colonists to provide labor and to be converted to Christianity. Part of a broader Spanish effort to subdue native tribes.

• Mission System

• Encomienda System

• Columbian Exchange

• Pope's Rebellion

Also known as the Pueblo Revolt - this rebellion was an uprising of Native American pueblos that resulted in the expulsion of Spaniards from New Mexico for about a decade.

• Powhatan's Rebellion

• Pope's Rebellion

• Encomienda System

• Mission System

An economic system based on government regulation that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of the mother country.

• Mercantilism

• Middle Passage

• Nation-state

• Joint-stock company