physiology exam

The smooth muscle wall duct that exits the medial border of the kidney and carries urine to the bladder for storage is called the

• Hilus

• Ureter

• Urethra

• Renal vein

Which of the following blood vessels of the nephron are capable of normal blood supply and play a role in tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion?

• arterioles

• Efferent arterioles

• Afferent arterioles

• Glomerular capillaries

Glomerular filtration is a

• Passive process which permits the passage of blood cells and proteins

• Passive process which permits the passage of blood cells and proteins

• Active process which sets the scene for passive diffusion of solutes at a further stage

• Passive process which permits and or prevents movement across barrier based on solute size

Filtrate passes from the glomerular capillaries into

• The proximal convoluted tubule

• Bowman’s capsule

• Peritubular capillaries

• Peritubular capillaries

The Net Glomerular filtration pressure =

• Net hydrostatic pressure – the net capsular pressure

• Blood colloid osmotic pressure – capsular colloid osmotic pressure

• Glomerular hydrostatic pressure – capsular hydrostatic pressure

• Net hydrostatic pressure – net colloid osmotic pressure

Sodium ion reabsorption in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule

• Plays a role in the reabsorption of glucose and amino acid’s

• Plays an important role in the kidneys ability to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes

• Is subject to hormonal control, and is important in regulation of extracellular fluid (ECF)

• Is determined by H+ secretion

Sodium ion reabsorption in the Loop of Henle (along with Chloride ion reabsorption)

 

• Plays a role in the reabsorption of glucose and amino acid’s

• Is subject to hormonal control, and is important in regulation of extracellular fluid (ECF)

• Plays an important role in the kidneys ability to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes

• Is determined by H+ secretion

The Net Glomerular filtration pressure =

• Net hydrostatic pressure – the net capsular pressure

• Blood colloid osmotic pressure – capsular colloid osmotic pressure

• Glomerular hydrostatic pressure – capsular hydrostatic pressure

• Net hydrostatic pressure – net colloid osmotic pressure

Sodium reabsorption in the Distal Convoluted Tubule

• Plays a role in the reabsorption of glucose and amino acid’s

• Is subject to hormonal control, and is important in regulation of extracellular fluid (ECF)

• Is determined by H+ secretion

• Plays an important role in the kidneys ability to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes

The activity of the Sodium Potassium (Na+-K+) ATPase pump

• Keeps intracellular Na+ concentration low

• Establishes a concentration gradient for the diffusion of Na+ from the lumen into the tubular cell & from the lateral space into the peritubular capillary

• Builds up Na+ concentration in lateral space i.e., moves against concentration gradient

• All the above